describe briefly about the chemical coordination among various organs of vertebrate animals
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Key points
Communication is when one animal transmits information to another animal causing some kind of change in the animal that gets the information.
Communication is usually between animals of a single species, but it can also happen between two animals of different species.
Animals communicate using signals, which can include visual; auditory, or sound-based; chemical, involving pheromones; or tactile, touch-based, cues.
Communication behaviors can help animals find mates, establish dominance, defend territory, coordinate group behavior, and care for young.
Introduction
Have you ever wondered how ants follow what seem to be invisible trails leading to food? Why male dogs mark their territory by peeing on bushes and lampposts when you take them for a walk? What birds are saying to one another when they chirp outside your window?
If so, you're in the right place! In this article, we'll take a look at these—and many other—forms of communication used in the animal kingdom.
Communication takes many forms
Communication—when we're talking about animal behavior—can be any process where information is passed from one animal to another causing a change or response in the receiving animal. [Can communication happen by accident?]
^1
start superscript, 1, end superscript
Communication most often happens between members of a species, though it can also take place between different species. For instance, your dog may bark at you to ask for a treat! Some species are very social, living in groups and interacting all the time; communication is essential for keeping these groups cohesive and organized. However, even animals that are relative loners usually have to communicate at least a little, if only to find a mate.
What forms can communication behaviors take? Well, animal sensory systems vary quite a great deal. For instance, a dog's sense of smell is 40 times more acute than ours!^2
2
start superscript, 2, end superscript Because of this sensory diversity, different animals communicate using a wide range of stimuli, known collectively as signals.
Below are some common types of signals:
Pheromones—chemicals
Auditory cues—sounds
Visual cues
Tactile cues—touch
In some cases, signals can even be electric!
Where does this diversity of communication behaviors come from? Like other traits, communication behaviors—and/or the capacity for learning these behaviors—arise through natural selection. Heritable communication behaviors that increase an organism's likelihood of surviving and reproducing will tend to persist and become common in a population or species.
In the rest of the article, we'll look at some examples of the many ways that animals can communicate with one another.
Pheromones
A pheromone is a secreted chemical signal used to trigger a response in another individual of the same species. Pheromones are especially common among social insects, such as ants and bees. Pheromones may attract the opposite sex, raise an alarm, mark a food trail, or trigger other, more complex behaviors.
The diagram below shows pheromone trails laid down by ants to direct others in the colony to sources of food. When a food source is rich, ants will deposit pheromone on both the outgoing and return legs of their trip, building up the trail and attracting more ants. When the food source is about to run out, the ants will stop adding pheromone on the way back, letting the trail fade out^{3,4}
Answer:
Explanation:Key points
Communication is when one animal transmits information to another animal causing some kind of change in the animal that gets the information.
Communication is usually between animals of a single species, but it can also happen between two animals of different species.
Animals communicate using signals, which can include visual; auditory, or sound-based; chemical, involving pheromones; or tactile, touch-based, cues.
Communication behaviors can help animals find mates, establish dominance, defend territory, coordinate group behavior, and care for young.
Introduction
Have you ever wondered how ants follow what seem to be invisible trails leading to food? Why male dogs mark their territory by peeing on bushes and lampposts when you take them for a walk? What birds are saying to one another when they chirp outside your window?
If so, you're in the right place! In this article, we'll take a look at these—and many other—forms of communication used in the animal kingdom.
Communication takes many forms
Communication—when we're talking about animal behavior—can be any process where information is passed from one animal to another causing a change or response in the receiving animal. [Can communication happen by accident?]
^1
start superscript, 1, end superscript
Communication most often happens between members of a species, though it can also take place between different species. For instance, your dog may bark at you to ask for a treat! Some species are very social, living in groups and interacting all the time; communication is essential for keeping these groups cohesive and organized. However, even animals that are relative loners usually have to communicate at least a little, if only to find a mate.
What forms can communication behaviors take? Well, animal sensory systems vary quite a great deal. For instance, a dog's sense of smell is 40 times more acute than ours!^2
2
start superscript, 2, end superscript Because of this sensory diversity, different animals communicate using a wide range of stimuli, known collectively as signals.
Below are some common types of signals:
Pheromones—chemicals
Auditory cues—sounds
Visual cues
Tactile cues—touch
In some cases, signals can even be electric!
Where does this diversity of communication behaviors come from? Like other traits, communication behaviors—and/or the capacity for learning these behaviors—arise through natural selection. Heritable communication behaviors that increase an organism's likelihood of surviving and reproducing will tend to persist and become common in a population or species.
In the rest of the article, we'll look at some examples of the many ways that animals can communicate with one another.
Pheromones
A pheromone is a secreted chemical signal used to trigger a response in another individual of the same species. Pheromones are especially common among social insects, such as ants and bees. Pheromones may attract the opposite sex, raise an alarm, mark a food trail, or trigger other, more complex behaviors.
The diagram below shows pheromone trails laid down by ants to direct others in the colony to sources of food. When a food source is rich, ants will deposit pheromone on both the outgoing and return legs of their trip, building up the trail and attracting more ants. When the food source is about to run out, the ants will stop adding pheromone on the way back, letting the trail fade out^{3,4}
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