Question

Describe describe the pathway of air from nostril to alveolus. Add a note of changes that take place at every stage

Answer 1

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Nose: Air is inhaled through the nostrils (and sometimes through the mouth) where it is filtered by the hairs and cilia to remove dust particles and moistened. The nasal cavity also moderates the temperature of the inhaled air.

Pharynx: This is a common passage for food, water, and air. It leads from both the nose and the mouth and leads to both the trachea (windpipe) and the oesophagus (foodpipe).

Larynx: This is the voice box situated just over the trachea and has a flap called the epiglottis which closes during swallowing to prevent food from entering the trachea and opens during breathing.

Trachea: Air now enters the windpipe which is situated behind the sternum (breastbone) and between the two lungs.

Bronchus: From the trachea, two bronchi (one bronchus for each lung) enter the lungs and divide and subdivide into secondary and tertiary bronchi, getting narrower as they proceed into the lung.

Bronchioles: The tertiary bronchi branch into fine tubules called bronchioles, the last passageways for air.

Alveoli:. Air ends its pathway in the alveoli (sing. alveolus) which are tiny sacs with very fine singe-celled walls. These alveoli are surrounded by capillaries that connect the pulmonary arteries and veins and that enable transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

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Answer 2

PATHWAY :

Nose → nostrils → pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchi → alveolus → lungs .

PROCEDURE :

As soon as we inhale air the air , the hairs present in the nose trap dust particles which is then passed through the nostrils where mucus is secreted which traps the dust present in the inhaled air and adds moisture to the inhaled air . The air passes from the nostrils to the pharynx where the air is warmed . The pharynx leads into the larynx which is commonly known as Adam's apple and contains vocal cords which vibrate to produce sound . Next to the larynx comes trachea which is surrounded by incomplete C shaped cartilaginous rings to provide more space to the inhaled air which further divides into two parts, bronchioles . The bronchioles further gets divided into alveoli which leads into the lungs and exchange of gases takes place .