Describe different parts of human eye.
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Light is focused primarily by the cornea — the clear front surface of the eye, which acts like a camera lens.
The iris of the eye functions like the diaphragm of a camera, controlling the amount of light reaching the back of the eye by automatically adjusting the size of the pupil (aperture).
The eye's crystalline lens is located directly behind the pupil and further focuses light. Through a process called accommodation, this lens helps the eye automatically focus on near and approaching objects, like an autofocus camera lens.
Light focused by the cornea and crystalline lens (and limited by the iris and pupil) then reaches the retina — the light-sensitive inner lining of the back of the eye. The retina acts like an electronic image sensor of a digital camera, converting optical images into electronic signals. The optic nerve then transmits these signals to the visual cortex — the part of the brain that controls our sense of sight.
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The iris of the eye functions like the diaphragm of a camera, controlling the amount of light reaching the back of the eye by automatically adjusting the size of the pupil (aperture).
The eye's crystalline lens is located directly behind the pupil and further focuses light. Through a process called accommodation, this lens helps the eye automatically focus on near and approaching objects, like an autofocus camera lens.
Light focused by the cornea and crystalline lens (and limited by the iris and pupil) then reaches the retina — the light-sensitive inner lining of the back of the eye. The retina acts like an electronic image sensor of a digital camera, converting optical images into electronic signals. The optic nerve then transmits these signals to the visual cortex — the part of the brain that controls our sense of sight.
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The different parts of eye are:
- Cornea: A clear transparent surface that bulges over iris and pupil. It acts as the refractive surface and facilitates the optical power of eye.
- Chambers: Filled with fluid termed aqueous humor, helps the eye to focus the light
- Anterior chamber – present between cornea and iris
- Posterior chamber – present between iris and lens
- Iris: Colored ring that surrounds pupil, melanin present in iris determines the eye color
- Pupil: Hole or window of the eye, opening which lets light to pass to the interior parts of the eye
- Lens: An elastic capsule behind pupil, completes focusing of the light
- Sclera – Whitish collagenous layer that covers and protects the eye
- Vitreous humor: Transparent fluid filled gelatinous part between lens and retina
- Retina: Light-sensitive sensory membrane in the posterior region, consists of light receptor cells – cones and rods which aids in light absorption. Retina converts light signals to neuro signals and sends them to brain for visual perception
- Optic nerve – bundle of nerve fibers that transmits the neuro signals from retina to brain.
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