Question

Describe five main causes of the first war of independece. Explain them.​

Answer 1

Answer:

The Five main causes of the revolt of 1857 or first war of Independence were :

1.  Doctrine of lapse which snatched the kingdoms of princes without legal heirs was one of the major causes of first war of independence.

2. Economic exploitation of people in the form of taxes,  land revenue etc was another main cause of first war of independence.

3. Interference in the social and religious life of people also made Indians to turn against the British.

4. Discrimination in army with Indian sepoys made the sepoys to turn against the British.

5. The immediate cause was the introduction of new rifles with a rumor of greased cartridges of fat of cow and pig.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

The First War of Indian Independence was an unsuccessful attempt by Indian soldiers (sepoys) to fight against British rule through the East India Company. The sepoys staged a major mutiny that led to engagement by civilians in the conflict with some fighting for the East India Company and others against it. The rebellion, however, ended in defeat for the rebels and ushered a British controlled government in India.

The major issue pointing to the onset of the rebellion was cultural and religious challenges posed by the sepoys. Caste issues presented a major challenge to how the British could constitute or administrate the soldiers. Higher caste soldiers could not mingle with the lower caste colleagues, and for that reason, they could not serve overseas.

The Higher caste soldiers expected more pay and higher positions within the army. However, the higher positions were mostly filled by British soldiers. Rumors about animal fats (cows and pigs) being used as grease for their ammunition also led to growing suspicion between the soldiers and their European superiors because contact with the grease was against their cultural and religious doctrines.

These challenges spiraled out of control with soldiers refusing to use the cartridges and rebelling against their commanding officers. Subsequent sentences against some of the sepoys only agitated the situation further, leading to an all out war.

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