Question

describe land settlements introduced by the British

Answer 1

the Britishers introduced three land revenue systems-
1.jamindari system
this system was introduced by lord Cornwallis in 1793.
2.ryotwari system
this system was introduced by Thomas Munro in 1820.in this system the revenue was directed taken from the farmers to the Britishers.
3.mahalwari system.
this system was introduced by Holt Mackenzie in 1820. in this system two or more villages were combined and called Mahal .

Answer 2

The British introduced different land settlement systems to extract more revenue :

.a Permanent settlement system was introduced by Lord Cornwallis in 1793, . Under this system, the rajas were recognised as Zamindars and were converted into landlords.The Zamindars collected revenue from the peasants directly and paid to the company. The amount of revenue was fixed under this system and was not revised by the British.Some of the problems associated with this system were that Zamindars were not interested improving the land, the revenue was too high for the zamindars to pay and those who failed to pay revenue had to part with his Zamindari , peasants were deprived of their ownership right

b. Ryotwari system- Under this system the revenue was collected directly from the ryot the actual tiller or cultivators. The amount of revenue was fixed, however land was carefully assessed before fixing the rate of revenue. The cultivator was required to pay a fixed amount of revenue even in case of a crop failure burdening the cultivator.

c. Mahalwari system- Under this system the revenue was collected from the village , generated from the village land which was collectively owned by the village community, The village headman was responsible for collecting revenue . The amount of revenue was not fixed and was periodically revised.. The amount of revenue was too high  burdening the villagers