Question

Describe role of microbes in production of antibiotics

Answer 1

Answer:

Production of antibiotics is a naturally occurring event, that thanks to advances in science can now be replicated and improved upon in laboratory settings. Due to the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming, and the efforts of Florey and Chain in 1938, large-scale, pharmaceutical production of antibiotics has been made possible. As with the initial discovery of penicillin, most antibiotics have been discovered as a result of happenstance. Antibiotic production can be grouped into three methods: natural fermentation, semi-synthetic, and synthetic. As more and more bacteria continue to develop resistance to currently produced antibiotics, research and development of new antibiotics continues to be important. In addition to research and development into the production of new antibiotics, repackaging delivery systems is important to improving efficacy of the antibiotics that are currently produced. Improvements to this field have seen the ability to add antibiotics directly into implanted devices, aerosolization of antibiotics for direct delivery, and combination of antibiotics with non antibiotics to improve outcomes. The increase of antibiotic resistant strains of pathogenic bacteria has led to an increased urgency for the funding of research and development of antibiotics and a desire for production of new and better acting antibiotics.

Answer 2

Answer:

1. Microbes play an important role in various aspects of our lives.
2. One such important  role is the formation of compost.
3. The biodegradable waste which is collected from all around  the cities are placed in landfill sites.
4. Landfill sites are created by digging deep pits away  from residential areas and the biodegradable waste is dumped into it.
5. The conversion of this  waste is then carried out by various kinds of microorganisms, specially aerobic bacteria and  some kind of fungi.
6. It takes time for formation of compost and then the landfill site is again  ready to use while the compost can be used in agricultural fields, parks etc.

Hope it helps you :)