Question

describe rutherford's nuclear atomic model

Answer 1

Rutherford atomic model or solar model or nuclear model or planetary model is the model propounded by Rutherford based on his Alpha ray scattering experiment. It says that the electron spins in spiral shells and finally it colloids into the nucleus and it is finished. But this model was not accepted because it was not able to explain 3 principles :- 1) Stability of atom - By that time it was proved by JJ Thomson that an atom is electrically neutral. But if electron finishes and collides into the nucleus, the atom will become positively charged. So this is not possible  2) Shell energy levels - The energy of electron can never remain same. How the electron moves in same energy level all the time ? This is also not possible . 3) Distribution of electrons - He could not explain how electrons are arranged in atom If you have any doubt, please ask in comment section. Also, please please please please mark as brainliest

Answer 2

Rutherford's Nuclear Model of Atom

• Since most a-particles passes undeviated, most part of atom is empty space (Atom is hollow from inside).

• Some alpha particles deflected by more than 1° (only 0.14 %) , this means there is a positive charge inside atom as a is also positive and this positive charge is concentrated in an extremely small space inside atom called Nucleus. Calculation shows size of Nucleus is around 10-15 m whereas size of atom is around 10-10 m.

• For foils of different elements, the number of a -particles deflected at angle 0 are different. This suggests different elements (metal as he used silver, platinum, etc)have different positive charge in their nucleus.

• The electrons are attracted by nucleus due to electrostatic force but are not pulled they are constantly revolving in circular paths, using this electrostatic force as centripetal force. towards it as they are constantly revolving in circular paths, using this electrostatic force as cetripetal force.