Describe structure and functional of Golgi apparatus
Answers
Answer:
Golgi body structure is formed with vesicle like sacs called cisternae and the Golgi body function is to process proteins and sort cellular proteins for delivery inside or outside the cell.
Structure of Golgi Apparatus:
It was first discovered by Camillo Golgi.
It is a system of membrane bound thin and tubular sac like structures called cisternae and round globular structures called vesicles.
A cell may have one large Golgi apparatus or several small ones scattered throughout the cytoplasm, called dictyosomes.
The region in cytoplasm containing Golgi apparatus has fewer or no other organelles, called zone of exclusion.
Cisternae show polarity with distinct convex cis or forming face towards nucleus and concave maturing or trans face towards cell membrane.
Material to be packed in the form of vesicles from ER fuse with cis face of Golgi apparatus and moves towards trans or maturing face.
From maturing face arise secretary vesicles that carry the processed material to their destination.
Note: Golgi apparatus was discovered by Camillo Golgi using a technique called Black reaction. He stained nerve cells using silver nitrate solution.
Functions of Golgi Apparatus:
Proteins and lipids synthesized by ER are modified, packaged and dispatched to various targets inside and outside the cell.
The complex sugars (e.g. cellulose, hemicelluloses, pectin etc.) are made from simple sugars in the Golgi apparatus.
It is also involved in the formation of lysosomes.
It links oligosaccharides with proteins and lipids coming from ER to form glycoproteins and glycolipids respectively.
Forms acrosome in animal sperm.
Synthesizes yolk (vitellogenesis) in eggs.
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