Describe that liquid pressure increases with the increase in depth
Answers
Answer:
Pierce four holes down the side of a plastic bottle (or jar). Stick a strip of adhesive tape over the holes and fill the bottle (or jar) with water. Place the bottle at the edge of a table, with a vessel on the floor below it. Peel off the tape and observe the four jets of water coming out of the bottle (or jar). The jet from the lowest hole will travel the farthest. If you make the four holes at the same height, the four jets will travel the same distance from the container.
The four jets travel different distance in (a) and the same distance in (b)
The jet of water from the lowest hole travels the farthest because the pressure exerted by the water column is the highest at this point. From the distance travelled by the four jets, you should be able to guess that the pressure exerted by the water increases as depth increases.
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If you could imagine that the bottle has false bases at the four levels, A, B, C and D (base A being the highest), you would realise that the weight of water acting on base A is much less than that acting on base B, and so on. When you make four holes at the same level of a bottle, the jets travel the same distance because a liquid exerts the same pressure in all directions at a particular depth.
The two things you need to remember about the pressure exerted by a liquid are as follows:
1. The pressure exerted by a liquid increases with depth.
2. A liquid exerts the same pressure in all directions at a given depth.
Measuring liquid pressure:
A manometer is an instrument used to measure pressure differences. You can make a simple manometer and use it to see how the pressure of a liquid changes with depth. Fix a U-tube (you will have to buy one, or borrow one from your laboratory) on a board as shown in Figure 8.13 (a) and fill half of it with water. You will see that the water level is the same in both arms of the U-tube. This is your manometer. Slip one end of a 1-m rubber tube over one end of the U-tube and attach a funnel to the other end of the rubber tube.
Stretch a thin balloon over the mouth of the funnel and fix it with thread or a rubber band. If you press the stretched balloon with a finger, the level of water in arm A of the U-tube will fall and the level in arm B will rise, as shown in Figure 8.13 (b). The difference in the heights of water in the two arms is a measure of the pressure you are applying with your finger.
Next, lower the funnel slowly into a bucket of water, as shown in Figure 8.13 (c). The difference between the heights of water in the two arms of your manometer will increase as the funnel goes deeper into the bucket of water. This shows that pressure increases with the depth of a liquid.
If you bend the rubber tube so that the face of the funnel is vertical, as shown in Figure 8.13 (d), and rotate it at the same level of water, the pressure indicated by your manometer will remain steady. This shows that at a given depth the pressure in a liquid is the same in all directions.
Explanation:
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Answer:
The pressure in a liquid is different at different depths. Pressure increases as the depth increases. The pressure in a liquid due to the weight of the column water above. Since the particles in the liquid are tightly packed, this pressure acts in all directions.
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