Describe the circumstances leading to the outbreak of revolutionary protest in france give examples to show and political
Answers
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Your answer- The circumstances leading to the outbreak of revolutionary protest in France were:-
1) social inequality:French society in the 18th century was divided into three states namely the clergy, the normality and the third estate,that is,the clergy and the nobility enjoyed certain privileges by birth. They were exempt from paying taxes. The third estate comprises of businessman, merchants, peasants and artisans labours, had to pay taxes to the state.
2) Political Causes: Long year of war had drained the financial resources of France .France had a debt of more than 2 billion livers. To meet its regular expenses such as the cost of maintaining an army, the court, running government officers and universities, the state was forced to increase taxes which angered the people.
3) Economic Problems: The population of France also increased from 23 million in 1715 to 28 million in 1789. Food grains were now in great demand. The price of bread shot up. Wages did not keep pace with rising prices. This led to subsistence crisis.
4) Strong middle class: A new middle class in emerged educated and wealthy during the 18th century. They believed that no group in society should be given privileges by birth. Ideas of equality and freedom was put forward by philosophers. The ideas of the philosophers were discussed intensively in saloons and coffee houses and spread among the people.
5) Immediate Causes: On 5 may,1789, Louis XVI called together an assembly of Estate General to pass proposal of new taxes. Third estate protested against this proposal but as each estate have one vote, the king rejected this appeal. They walked out of the assembly.