Question

Describe the formation of proton gradient caused by electron transfer in

mitochondria, chloroplasts and bacteria.

(15 marks)

Answer 1

The energy is released by the electron transfer by the uptake of proton from the water in the mitochondrial complex,accompanied by the release of protons on the other side of the membrane.As a result of this energy the electron flow along the protons across the membrane of matrix hence creates electrochemical protons.