describe the functional group called an amine group that the basic molecules in model 2 all have in common?
Answers
Explanation:
Describe the importance of functional groups to organic molecules
Key Points
Functional groups are collections of atoms that attach the carbon skeleton of an organic molecule and confer specific properties.
Each type of organic molecule has its own specific type of functional group.
Functional groups in biological molecules play an important role in the formation of molecules like DNA, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.
Functional groups include: hydroxyl, methyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, phosphate, and sulfhydryl.
Terms
hydrophobiclacking an affinity for water; unable to absorb, or be wetted by water
hydrophilichaving an affinity for water; able to absorb, or be wetted by water
Location of Functional Groups
Functional groups are groups of atoms that occur within organic molecules and confer specific chemical properties to those molecules. When functional groups are shown, the organic molecule is sometimes denoted as “R.” Functional groups are found along the “carbon backbone” of macromolecules which is formed by chains and/or rings of carbon atoms with the occasional substitution of an element such as nitrogen or oxygen. Molecules with other elements in their carbon backbone are substituted hydrocarbons. Each of the four types of macromolecules—proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids—has its own characteristic set of functional groups that contributes greatly to its differing chemical properties and its function in living organisms.
Properties of Functional Groups
A functional group can participate in specific chemical reactions. Some of the important functional groups in biological molecules include: hydroxyl, methyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, phosphate, and sulfhydryl groups. These groups play an important role in the formation of molecules like DNA, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.
Classifying Functional Groups
Functional groups are usually classified as hydrophobic or hydrophilic depending on their charge or polarity. An example of a hydrophobic group is the non-polar methane molecule. Among the hydrophilic functional groups is the carboxyl group found in amino acids, some amino acid side chains, and the fatty acid heads that form triglycerides and phospholipids. This carboxyl group ionizes to release hydrogen ions (H+) from the COOH group resulting in the negatively charged COO– group; this contributes to the hydrophilic nature of whatever molecule it is found on. Other functional groups, such as the carbonyl group, have a partially negatively charged oxygen atom that may form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, again making the molecule more hydrophilic.
Answer:
Amines are chemical compounds with carbon-nitrogen linkages. In an amine, the nitrogen atom possesses a single pair of electrons and three bonds with either carbon or hydrogen atoms.
Explanation:
- Amines are named using a variety of nomenclatures, but they are all prefixed with the class-designating suffix -ine.
- In some amines, the nitrogen atom replaces a carbon atom in an aromatic hydrocarbon. Pyridine is one such heterocyclic amine. A heterocyclic compound contains atoms of two or more different elements in its ring structure.
- Much of the compound's chemistry depends on how basic the nitrogen atom of an amine is.
- A vast range of substances, including natural and synthetic colors, polymers, vitamins, and drugs like penicillin and codeine, include amine functional groups.
- They are also present in numerous chemicals that are necessary for life, including DNA, neurotransmitters, hormones, and amino acids.
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