Question

describe the general characteristics of gymnosperms.​

Answer 1

Following are the important characteristics of gymnosperms:

• They do not produce flowers.

• Seeds are not formed inside a fruit. They are naked.

• They are found in colder regions where snowfall occurs.

• They develop needle-like leaves.

• They are perennial or woody, forming trees or bushes.

• They are not differentiated into ovary, style and stigma.

• Since stigma is absent, they are pollinated directly by the wind.

• Two gametes are produced by the male gametophytes but only one of them is functional.

• They form cones with reproductive structures.

• The seeds contain endosperm that stores food for the growth and development of the plant.

OM!

Answer 2

Characteristics of gymnosperms:

(a) The stem is erect, aerial and branched or unbranched.

(b) The leaves are usually dimorphic, i.e., there is a presence of two types of leaves on a plant.

(c) These are naked seeded plants, i.e., their ovules are not enclosed in their ovaries.

(d) The microsporophyll (male reproductive organ) and megasporophyll (female reproductive organ) are compactly arranged around the central axis forming male cone and female cone respectively.

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