Describe the main causes of the struggle of freedom in 1857 ad
Answers
The Indian Rebellion of 1857 had diverse political, economic, military, religious and social causes. ... The spark that led to a mutiny in several sepoy companies was the issue of new gunpowder cartridges for the Enfield rifle in February, 1857. A rumour was spread that the cartridges were made from cow and pig fat.
a number of coercive and annihilating steps were taken by the British government which infuriated and enraged the indians.
1. political reasons
i. many nawabs like the nawab of lucknow wajid ali shah was forced to give his land as he was accused of misgovernance in 1956 although it was not true.
ii. rani Lakshmi bai's adopted son damodar rao was refuted ro give the status of king and heir to the ancestors. this infuriated rani lakshmi bai.
iii. many nawabs were evicted of their powers and the local chieftains which enraged the powerful chieftains.
iv. the british government also tried to take the paramountcy and supremacy from mughals by reducing the power. a. it was decided that the names of the ruler will be removed from coins.
b. the ruler family was shifted to a palace from the redfort. c. it was decided that bahadur shah jafar will be the last mughal king after him all the descendants will be known as prince.
2. socioeconomic reasons
i. the farmers were forced to join the military which enraged them as they had to leave their family and lands.
ii. the heavy taxation and the unwholesome, arbitrary laws also awoke the wrath of the common people.
3. religious violations.
i. the militants were forced to serve the company overseas and at that time it was a dogma that one who goes beyond sea loses his religion. they were also asked to use the cartridges greased with fat of cow and pig.
ii. christian missionaries were allowed to function freely in the domain and made conversion to christianity easier. now the people thought that the british were destroying their religions.
besides there were also many tyrannical and oppressive measures used by the company which ignited the violence among indians which led to the famous sepoy mutiny of 1857.
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