Question

Describe the major seasons of india

Answer 1

• The Cold Weather Season : Begins in mid December and concludes in mid February to early March based on latitude. It is predominantly dry in most part of the country. The coastal regions have warm weather with highs at 30–33°C and lows at 19 -22°C. The south interior of Karnataka is a little cooler with highs at 27–30°C and lows at 11–16°C. The hillier places are colder with temperatures dropping below 10°C. From the north of Deccan plateau and northwards, in most areas the weather is colder with highs at 19–25°C and lows at 5–10°C with Western disturbances cooling it further down. The Western disturbances are moisture laden winds travelling all the way from the Mediterranean by the relatively lower pressure in North India that eventually rain down and further lower temperatures. This causes cold waves in late December to mid January with temperatures dropping to 2–3°C. Some places in Punjab and lower regions of Kashmir do see even freezing temperatures occasionally. Himalayan regions are in freezing temperatures throughout the winter and moderate to heavy snowfall.
• The Hot Weather Season: Begins in March and concludes in early to mid July. Most of the Peninsular India sees the onset of summer in early or mid March with the Northern regions seeing hotter days in late March to early June. Most of the nation sees many days of temperatures between 35°C -45°C and lows from 23–31°C. The coastal regions are relatively less hotter with closer temperature range but they are very humid, except for the south eastern coast and into interior Tamilnadu where it gets very hot with temperatures reaching above 40°C. South India, Parts of East Coast receive moderate rainfall during this season, whereas the Northeastern states receive heavy rainfall. In late May and early June, most parts of North and Central India sees soaring temperatures as a result of “heat waves”, before it is almost time for the monsoon. The heat of summer creates a low pressure trough which is the magnet for Monsoon winds.
• The onset of Monsoon ( South West Monsoon) - Within the end of May, the first monsoon showers hit the Andaman Nicobar Islands, followed by Kerala in early June. And gradually the Southwest Monsoon rains into the West Coast and moves inwards. Most of India receives majority of the Annual Rainfall in this season from June to September. The temperatures drop but most of the country is less hot but more humid. This season feeds agriculture making it very critical for most of the country. A good rainfall decides a good crop. The wettest parts of India are West Coast and windward side of Western Ghats (orographic relief) where it rains between 200 and 800 cm and Northeast India where it rains between 250–1200 cm. The Mawsynram - Cherrapunjee area is the wettest place on earth averaging 1200 -1400 cm of rainfall in the season. The region east of the Western Ghats receives moderate rainfall as they fall on the leeward side of the Western Ghat orographic relief resulting in a “rain-shadow region”.
• The retreat of Monsoon (Northeast Monsoon): Once the air pressure has fairly built up and the temperatures are cooler, it is time for the monsoon to retreat or reverse in the opposite direction. This time they flow from the Himalayas, through the Bay of Bengal and rain heavily in most parts of South India. Most of Tamilnadu and parts of Andhra Pradesh receive majority of their annual rainfall during this season.This happens mainly in October and November. Sometimes the retreating monsoons can cause cyclonic depressions. These can bring very heavy rain causing floods and heavy winds creating a calamitous situation with damage to life and property.

Answer 2

Answer:

Jan and Feb summer March , April and May monsoon (rainy) season (June to September), and a post-monsoon period (October to December).