Question

Describe the morphology of a flowering plant

Answer 1

Morphology (Gr. Morphos = Form;logos = Study) is the branch of science which deals with the study of form and structure. In botany, it generally means the study of external features, forms and relative positions of different organs on plants.

Angiospermic or flowering plants show a great variety of shape, size and form. The size ranges from the minute Wolffia and Lamna (0.1cm) to the tall Eucalyptus (up to 100 metre) and large sized Banyan (Ficus bengalensis).

Parts of a flowering plant:

The Root
The Stem
The Leaf
Flower
Aestivation:

The arrangement of sepals and petals in bud condition of the flower is called “aestivation”. It is may be of following types :

(a) Open

(b) Valvate 

(c)Twisted                                              

(d) Imbricate                                         

(e)Quincuncial                                       

(f) Vexillary
Floral formula :

It is an expression summarizing the informations given in a floral diagram. It represents the informations given in a floral diagram in the form of an equation. Following symbols are used in constructing a floral formula.

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Answer 2

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Flower, stem, leaves and roots are types of morphology of a plant.

» Flower :-

A Flower is the reproductive unit in Angiosperms. It consists of four different types of whorls namely;

Calyx (sepals), Corolla ( petals), Androecium (stamen and anther) and Gynoceium (style, stigma and stamen).

A flower which have both androecium and gynoecium are called Bisexual Flowers and which have either one of them are called Unisexual Flowers.

» Stem :-

It is the ascending part of a plant which bears branches, leaves, flowers and fruits.

It also bears nodes and internodes.

These are generally green in colour. When they grow (old) they becomes brown in colour.

» Leaves :-

These are flattened and lateral structures which born at the stem. These are the most important Vegetative organs for photosynthesis.

It consists of leaf base, petiole and lamina.

» Roots :-

Roots are the underground part of a plant.

Roots helps in absorption of water and minerals from plants. They also provide support to plant. Instead of that it helps in storing reserve food materials.

Roots are if three types :

Primary roots, Secondary roots and Tertiary roots.

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