Question

Describe the process of translation in protein synthesis.

Answer 1

Transcription is the process by which DNA is copied (transcribed) to mRNA, which carries the information needed for protein synthesis. Transcriptiontakes place in two broad steps. First, pre-messenger RNA is formed, with the involvement of RNA polymerase enzymes.

Answer 2

Translation is the process of synthesis of proteins from messenger RNA or mRNA. The ribosomal RNA or rRNA and transfer RNA or tRNA work together in the synthesis of proteins.  

Steps of translation are described below:  

1)The ribosomal RNA binds to the messenger RNA at a specific area

2) The tRNA starts matching its anticodon to the codon of mRNA

3) The tRNA carries an amino acid on other side and the amino acid forms a peptide bond with the previous amino acid.

4) This process carries on until a stop codon is encountered. Then messenger RNA is released.

5) The protein thus released forms into its native structure and acts as a functional protein.