Question

describe the structure and functioning of nephron??


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Answer 1

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Nephrons are the microscopic structural and functional unit of the kidney. Nephrons are composed of a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule. The renal corpuscle consists of a tuft of capillaries called a glomerulus and an encompassing Bowman’s capsule.

Structure of a Nephrons:

• Nephrons are the basic filtering units of kidneys.
• Each kidney possesses large number of nephrons, approximately 1-1.5 million.
• The main components of the nephron are glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, and a long renal tubule.

Functioning of a Nephron:

• The blood enters the kidney through the renal artery, which branches into many capillaries associated with glomerulus.
• The water and solute are transferred to the nephron at Bowman’s capsule.
• In the proximal tubule, some substances such as amino acids, glucose, and salts are selectively reabsorbed and unwanted molecules are added in the urine.
• The filtrate then moves down into the loop of Henle, where more water is absorbed.
• From here, the filtrate moves upwards into the distal tubule and finally to the collecting duct. Collecting duct collects urine from many nephrons.
• The urine formed in each kidney enters a long tube called ureter. From ureter, it gets transported to the urinary bladder and then into the urethra.

Answer 2

$\huge\bf\red{Functioning:-}$

A nephron is the filtration unit of the kidney. It consists of a tubule which is connected with collecting duct at one end and a cup-shaped structure at the other end. This filtrate contains glucose, amino acids, urea, uric acid, salts and a major amount of water.

$\huge\bf\red{Structure:-}$

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