Question

Describe the structure of a neuron.

Answer 1

The structure of neuron: Nerve cells or neurons are the structural and functional units of the nervous system. It consists of three major parts namely, Cell body, dendrites, Axon.

Cell Body: It is irregular in shape or polyhedral. The cell body contains cytoplasm and certain granular bodies called Nissles granules which contain a group of ribosomes for protein synthesis.

Dendrites: Dendrites are short fibres which branch repeatedly and protrude out of the cell body. They transmit electrical impulse towards the cyton.

Axon: They are long fibres arising from the cell body with the branched distal end.

It terminates in bulb-like structures called synaptic knob. It is filled with chemicals called neurotransmitters.

Parts of Axon: 

a. Axoplasm: It is the cytoplasm of the axon.

b. Myelin sheath: It is made up of many layers of Schwann cells.

c. Neurilemma: The outermost layer of Schwann cells.

d. Nodes of Ranvier: These are gaps left by a myelin sheath.

Answer 2

Explanation:

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