Describe the three stages of genocidal war being practised by Nazi government
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In 1996 Gregory Stanton, the president of Genocide Watch, presented a briefing paper called The 8 Stages of Genocide at the United States Department of State.[1] In it he suggested that genocide develops in eight stages that are "predictable but not inexorable".[1][2]
The Stanton paper was presented at the State Department, shortly after the Rwanda genocide and much of the analysis is based on why that genocide occurred. The preventive measures suggested, given the original target audience, were those that the United States could implement directly or use their influence on other governments to have implemented.
StageCharacteristicsPreventive measures1.
ClassificationPeople are divided into "us and them"."The main preventive measure at this early stage is to develop universalistic institutions that transcend... divisions."2.
Symbolization"When combined with hatred, symbols may be forced upon unwilling members of pariah groups...""To combat symbolization, hate symbols can be legally forbidden as can hate speech".3.
Dehumanization"One group denies the humanity of the other group. Members of it are equated with animals, vermin, insects, or diseases.""Local and international leaders should condemn the use of hate speech and make it culturally unacceptable. Leaders who incite genocide should be banned from international travel and have their foreign finances frozen."4.
Organization"Genocide is always organized... Special army units or militias are often trained and armed...""The U.N. should impose arms embargoes on governments and citizens of countries involved in genocidal massacres, and create commissions to investigate violations"5.
Polarization"Hate groups broadcast polarizing propaganda...""Prevention may mean security protection for moderate leaders or assistance to human rights groups...Coups d’état by extremists should be opposed by international sanctions."6.
Preparation"Victims are identified and separated out because of their ethnic or religious identity...""At this stage, a Genocide Emergency must be declared. ..."7.
Extermination"It is 'extermination' to the killers because they do not believe their victims to be fully human"."At this stage, only rapid and overwhelming armed intervention can stop genocide. Real safe areas or refugee escape corridors should be established with heavily armed international protection."8.
Denial"The perpetrators... deny that they committed any crimes...""The response to denial is punishment by an international tribunal or national courts"
In April 2012, it was reported that Stanton would soon be officially adding two new stages, Discrimination and Persecution, to his original theory, which would make for a 10-stage theory of genocide.[3]
In a paper for the Social Science Research Council Dirk Moses criticises the Stanton approach concluding:
In view of this rather poor record of ending genocide, the question needs to be asked why the "genocide studies" paradigm cannot predict and prevent genocides with any accuracy and reliability. The paradigm of "genocide studies," as currently constituted in North America in particular, has both strengths and limitations. While the moral fervor and public activism is admirable and salutary, the paradigm appears blind to its own implication in imperial projects that are themselves as much part of the problem as they are part of the solution. The US government called Darfur a genocide to appease domestic lobbies, and because the statement cost it nothing. Darfur will end when it suits the great powers that have a stake in the region.
The Stanton paper was presented at the State Department, shortly after the Rwanda genocide and much of the analysis is based on why that genocide occurred. The preventive measures suggested, given the original target audience, were those that the United States could implement directly or use their influence on other governments to have implemented.
StageCharacteristicsPreventive measures1.
ClassificationPeople are divided into "us and them"."The main preventive measure at this early stage is to develop universalistic institutions that transcend... divisions."2.
Symbolization"When combined with hatred, symbols may be forced upon unwilling members of pariah groups...""To combat symbolization, hate symbols can be legally forbidden as can hate speech".3.
Dehumanization"One group denies the humanity of the other group. Members of it are equated with animals, vermin, insects, or diseases.""Local and international leaders should condemn the use of hate speech and make it culturally unacceptable. Leaders who incite genocide should be banned from international travel and have their foreign finances frozen."4.
Organization"Genocide is always organized... Special army units or militias are often trained and armed...""The U.N. should impose arms embargoes on governments and citizens of countries involved in genocidal massacres, and create commissions to investigate violations"5.
Polarization"Hate groups broadcast polarizing propaganda...""Prevention may mean security protection for moderate leaders or assistance to human rights groups...Coups d’état by extremists should be opposed by international sanctions."6.
Preparation"Victims are identified and separated out because of their ethnic or religious identity...""At this stage, a Genocide Emergency must be declared. ..."7.
Extermination"It is 'extermination' to the killers because they do not believe their victims to be fully human"."At this stage, only rapid and overwhelming armed intervention can stop genocide. Real safe areas or refugee escape corridors should be established with heavily armed international protection."8.
Denial"The perpetrators... deny that they committed any crimes...""The response to denial is punishment by an international tribunal or national courts"
In April 2012, it was reported that Stanton would soon be officially adding two new stages, Discrimination and Persecution, to his original theory, which would make for a 10-stage theory of genocide.[3]
In a paper for the Social Science Research Council Dirk Moses criticises the Stanton approach concluding:
In view of this rather poor record of ending genocide, the question needs to be asked why the "genocide studies" paradigm cannot predict and prevent genocides with any accuracy and reliability. The paradigm of "genocide studies," as currently constituted in North America in particular, has both strengths and limitations. While the moral fervor and public activism is admirable and salutary, the paradigm appears blind to its own implication in imperial projects that are themselves as much part of the problem as they are part of the solution. The US government called Darfur a genocide to appease domestic lobbies, and because the statement cost it nothing. Darfur will end when it suits the great powers that have a stake in the region.
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The three stages of genocidal war practiced by Nazi government given below:
Explanation:
- After Adolf Hitler became the chancellor of Germany in 1933, he declared himself as a dictator of the country.
- He started giving speeches in public about racial purity, which began the rise of hate in the nation against the Jews.
- His ideas on racial were to create German as a superior in the World by making it a master race with blond hair and blue eyes and tall whom he called Aryans.
- Camps set for Jews, Gypsies, Polish and Soviets prisoner of war.
- Auschwitz became the largest Nazi death camp during World War II and the Holocaust.
- These camps were notorious for treating people harshly and forced to work as free labours.
- Gas Chambers were build in camps and trains to kill a large number of people.
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Describe the three stages of genocidal war being practised by Nazi government
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