Describe the wastes created by metallurgical and paper.
Answers
Answer:
first you follow me and mark me brainlist
☆ Metallurgical solid waste resource ☆ :-
The sustainable development of resources and energy is an inevitable trend of social development. With the rapid development of metallurgical industry, a large amount of metallurgical solid waste is produced. However, a lot of metallurgical solid wastes have not been timely and effectively recycled, resulting in serious problems of environmental pollution and resource wastage, such as heavy metal pollution in air, water, soil, and plant system. According to the characteristics of metallurgical industry, this book introduces the main types, sources, and characteristics of metallurgical solid waste. The application and treatment methods of blast furnace slag, converter slag, and electric furnace slag in building materials and ceramics industry are mainly introduced. The comprehensive utilization technology of Bayer process-produced red mud and converter sludge was also investigated.
Blast furnace slag (BFS) is a by-product of iron-making, which is formed by the combination of iron ore with limestone flux. When the molten slag is rapidly cooled by water, a large amount of granulated and amorphous blast furnace slag is produced, and the physical and chemical properties of these slags mainly depend on the production process. It is worth noting that a lot of water and heat are wasted in this process. The main chemical components of these slags are silica (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3), and lime (CaO), which are the main components of cement and CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 (CAS) glass ceramics [1, 2]. Therefore, the granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) is usually used as feedstock for cement and glass ceramics manufacturing. The CaO content of blast furnace slag is about 35–56% [3], which can hydrate with water to form cementitious pozzolanic reaction products. When these slags are ground to a finer size, they can be utilized in the production of Portland slag cement [4]. The typical TEM micrograph of hydrated Portland cement (a) and photograph of the glass-ceramics (b) just fabricated from blast furnace slag.