describe this social group with a difference or limit the civil disobedience movement
Answers
Answer:All the groups that participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement did not have the same ideals, or same views of “Swaraj”.
(i) In the countryside : The active members were the rich peasant communities, the Patidars of Gujarat and the Jats of Uttar Pradesh.
Reason : They were producers of commercial crops which were hit by the trade depression and falling prices. As cash income disappeared they were unable to pay the government’s revenue demands. The government refused to reduce its demands. So they joined the Civil Disobedience Movement, hoping to get the revenue demands reduced. For them “Swaraj” meant fighting against high revenues.
(ii) The poor peasants joined the movement because they were unable to pay the rent for the land they cultivated for the landlords. They did not own the land, they were small tenants who cultivated lands taken on rent from the landlords. As the Depression continued, the small tenants could not pay the rent, so they joined the movement hoping that their unpaid rent would be remitted.
(iii) The rich merchants and industrialists joined the movement to protest against colonial policies that restricted business activities. They wanted protection against import of foreign goods and a rupee-sterling foreign exchange ratio to discourage imports.
(iv) The industrial workers joined the Civil Disobedience Movement dropping to get their demands passed — like laws against low wages and poor working conditions. All four classes were disappointed by the movement.
(a) The rich peasants lost interest because the movement was called off in 1931 without the revenue rates being revised and reduced. Many of them did not join the movement when it was resumed in 1932.
(b) The poor peasants were disappointed because the Congress was unwilling to support their “no rent” campaign.
(c) The industrialists were unhappy with the spread of militant activities and increasing influence of socialism in the Congress. They could not achieve their goal of colonial restrictions on business taken away, so they lost interest.
(d) The industrial working class did not get full Congress support as the Congress did not want to alienate the industrialists and divide the anti-colonial struggle. It could not include the workers’ demand in its programme.
Explanation:
Answer:
Not all communities participate in the Civil Disobedience Movement. There are 2 rich communities that participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement (C.D.M)
#) In Rural areas,
The Indian land owners wanted the Indian National Congress (INC) to put forward their demand of reducing the Land Revenue while the tenants wanted even the land owners to reduce the rent on the houses as the INC could take both it had first selected the land owners as they promised them that they would participate in large numbers.
#) In Urban Areas,
The Industrialists wanted the Britishers to remove the trade restrictions as they did for the World War 1. For the INC they were supporting with funds so that they could organize meeting hence the INC without any choice but to take their demand. While the Industrial Workers wanted the the company to them more wages as the INC had already taken up the demand of the Industrialists it could not take the forward the demand of the workers.
Hence in the C.D.M many different social groups did not participate.
During the Salt March many women from the richer communities had also joined because they just wanted to hear what was said by Gandhiji.
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