describe:what type of ammonites animals?
Answers
Answer:
Ammonites were marine animals belonging to the
phylum Mollusca and the class Cephalopoda. They had
a coiled external shell similar to that of the modern
nautilus. In other living cephalopods, e.g. octopus,
squid and cuttlefish, the shells are small and internal, or
absent
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Answer:
Ammonites
Nautilus Palau: By Manuae by-said via Wikimedia CommonsAmmonites are the extinct relatives of sea creatures such as the modern Nautilus from Palau.
Ammonites lived during the periods of Earth history known as the Jurassic and Cretaceous. Together, these represent a time interval of about 140 million years.
The Jurassic Period began about 201 million years ago, and the Cretaceous ended about 66 million years ago. The ammonites became extinct at the end of the Cretaceous Period, at roughly the same time as the dinosaurs disappeared.
However, we know a lot about them because they are commonly found as fossils, formed when the remains or traces of the animal became buried sediment that later solidified into rock.
The animal
Ammonites: the geologists' time marker
Folklore and fact
3D model
Ammonites: the animal
An artist's impression of a simplified cross-section through a ‘living‘ ammonite.
An artist's impression of a simplified cross-section through a ‘living‘ ammonite.
Ammonites were marine animals belonging to the phylum Mollusca and the class Cephalopod A. They had a coiled external shell similar to that of the modern nautilus. In other living cephalopods, e.g. octopus, squid and cuttlefish, the shells are small and internal, or absent.
Body chamber
Jurassic ammonite showing Sutures Jurassic ammonite showing sutures.
The ammonite's shell was divided into chambers separated by walls known as septa (singular septum). These strengthened the shell and stopped it from being crushed by the external water pressure. Ammonites could probably not withstand depths of more than 100 metres.
The septa had frilled edges: intricate lines, of varying complexity and known as sutures, mark where the septa joined the shell wall.
The ammonite lived in only the last chamber, the body-chamber; earlier ones were filled with gas or fluid which the ammonite was able to regulate in order to control its buoyancy and movement, much like a submarine.
Ammonite suture. The septa of an ammonite had frilled edges: intricate lines, of varying complexity, known as sutures, mark where the septa joined the shell wall.
Protection and flotation
The most important functions of the ammonite shell were protection and flotation. Each complete 360° coil is called a whorl. Except for the inner-most whorl, the shell is made up of three layers. The thin innermost and outermost layers are composed of prisms of aragonite (a form of calcium carbonate). The thicker middle layer is nacreous (mother-of-pearl), formed of tiny tabular crystals of aragonite.
In scientific literature, it has been the convention to illustrate ammonites with their body-chambers at the top. This is the opposite of their position in life.
Ribs, spines and tubercles (knobs), which frequently adorn the shell, may have strengthened it, but they may also have provided physical protection and camouflage against various predators, including marine reptiles (such as ichthyosaurs), crustaceans, fish and other ammonites. They also helped to regulate buoyancy and stability, as well as being sexual display features.
Feeding
Ammonites probably fed on small plankton, or vegetation growing on the sea floor. They may also have eaten slow-moving animals that lived on the sea bottom, such as foraminifer are, ostracods, small crustaceans, young brachiopods, corals and bryozoa, as well as drifting, slow-swimming or dead sea creatures.
Classification
As with living animals, ammonites are classified into species and genera whose names must be Latin words or words that have been latinised. The proper scientific name of a particular ammonite consists of the name of the species, preceded by the name of the genus to which it belongs, plus the name of the first person to describe it, and the date.
Some genera of ammonites had shells that were coiled in more bizarre ways. These are known as heteromorphs, from the Greek heteros meaning different and morphed meaning form or shape.
Preservation
Coiled shell
The coiled shell is generally the only part of the ammonite to be preserved as a fossil.
The coiled shell is generally the only part of the ammonite to be preserved as a fossil. As well as being aesthetically pleasing and popular with fossil collectors, they are of particular value to geologists.
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