Question

Determine whether each item describes a cause of feudalism or a characteristic of the system of feudalism.

Answer 1

Feudalism existed in many cultures besides medieval Europe including China, Japan, India, Russia, and even the Roman Empire. Feudalism in medieval Europe arose out of the need for protection from the marauding bands of Vikings or Germanic warriors who roamed Europe from about the late 5th to the 11th centuries CE. The collapse of the Roman Empire in the 5th century CE and the failure of rulers to maintain their authority and rule allowed nobles to take greater control of the regions that were under their control.

People lost the protections that were generally given to to them under a central government like the Roman Empire, and many were forced to make deals with local rulers for safety. Noblemen established greater control in the areas of economic, political, judicial and social matters. Feudalism in the western sense included lords and serfs. Serfs could include servants, men-at-arms, and peasant farmers known as vassals. A lord granted land, also known as a fief, to a vassal in exchange for protecting that nobleman. This service could have been in a military or nonmilitary capacity.

Feudalism in Europe was dominant from 900 to 1300 CE, but feudalism also took root in Roman and Germanic cultures. The Romans also granted land to a person in return for protection, and military service. Germanic tribes followed a similar idea, but a person had to surrender land to a warrior to receive protection.

Some of the effects of Feudalism were that the Nobles became responsible for the protection of their vassals and serfs. The manor became an agricultural estate operated by the lord and worked by the peasants who sustained the land and drove the economy. Most of these peasants, as serfs were held to the land and were unable to leave. They were forced to pay to the lord a share of everything they produced. Their entire lives were basically dictated by the lord of the manor as he decided all matters in the areas of economics, politics and judicial disputes.



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Answer 2

The elements that characterised feudalism are as follows lords, fiefs and vassals. this is such that before a lord could give land to a person, who was also known as fief, that person to be given land was first to be made a vassal. the whole process was done at a symbolic and a formal ceremony that was held. the ceremony was always known as commendation ceremony. this ceremony composed of an oath of fealty and also two part act of a homage.