Diarrhoea as a common disease of Nepali
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Kathmandu, Nepal, 8 September 2009: Fifty children under-five die every hour in South-East Asia due to diarrhoea. It is a leading cause of child mortality in the Region, second only to pneumonia.
"Diarrhoea and acute respiratory infections are the biggest killers of children under five in South-East Asia. Diarrhoea is also seriously under reported in the Region. There is a need to focus on dirrahoea and pneumonia in national health programs", said Dr Samlee Plianbangchang, WHO Regional Director for South-East Asia. He was speaking to journalists at WHO's Regional Committee session in Kathmandu, Nepal today.
In South-East Asia, the average incidence of acute diarrhoea among children under five years of age is around three episodes per child per year. In some South-East Asian countries, it could be as high as 12 episodes per child per year. Lack of safe water, sanitation, proper nutrition, essential health services and awareness about effective interventions make the poor especially vulnerable to acute diarrhoeal diseases. Large outbreaks of acute watery diarrhoea and deaths in the South-East Asia Region in the recent past have affected both children and adults.
Simple, safe and relatively inexpensive interventions are available, which can greatly reduce the deaths due to diarrhoea in this Region. Exclusive breastfeeding up to six months of age, frequent hand-washing, nutritional interventions, timely immunizations and improved case management with early oral rehydration therapy and zinc at both community and facility levels. An adequate supply of safe water and improved sanitation as well as community, household and good personal hygiene practices can tangibly reduce the disease burden in this Region.
Control of diarrhoea and acute respiratory infections requires an integrated and comprehensive approach for prevention and case management with full involvement of the community. The WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia is supporting countries in their efforts to control these diseases by developing a regional strategy, guidelines and protocols, and training materials.