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James Prescott Joule FRS FRSE( 24 December 1818 – 11 October 1889) was an English physicist, mathematician and brewer, born in Salford, Lancashire. Joule studied the nature of heat, and discovered its relationship to mechanical work (see energy). This led to the law of conservation of energy, which in turn led to the development of the first law of thermodynamics. The SI derived unit of energy, the joule, is named after him.
He worked with Lord Kelvin to develop an absolute thermodynamic temperature scale, which came to be called the Kelvin scale. Joule also made observations of magnetostriction, and he found the relationship between the current through a resistor and the heat dissipated, which is also called Joule's first law. His experiments about energy transformations were first published in 1843.
Extra Information :
Born 24 December 1818
Salford, Lancashire, England
Died 11 October 1889 (aged 70)
Sale, Cheshire, England
Citizenship British
Known for First law of thermodynamics
Disproving caloric theory
Spouse(s) Amelia Grimes
(m. 1847–1854)
Children Benjamin Arthur
Alice Amelia
Henry
Awards Royal Medal (1852)
Copley Medal (1870)
Albert Medal (1880)
Scientific career
Fields Physics
Influences John Dalton
John Davies
Explanation:
James Prescott Joule, (born December 24, 1818, Salford, Lancashire [now in Greater Manchester], England—died October 11, 1889, Sale, Cheshire), English physicist who established that the various forms of energy—mechanical, electrical, and heat—are basically the same and can be changed one into another. Thus, he formed the basis of the law of conservation of energy, the first law of thermodynamics.