Difference between chromosome , chromatin and chromatid
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Chromosomes are structures into which DNA (the code of life) is organized. Chromosomes are linear in Eukaryotic cells and circular in Prokaryotic cells. The number of chromosomes are different in different organism. Kangaroos have 12 chromosomes, dogs have 78 and we (humans) have 46. The total length of human chromosomes is about 2m in length. This vast length has to be packed in nucleus of about 5 to 10 microns!
To do this, they have a unique packaging system, in which DNA wraps around an octomer (eight protein complex) called histone. This results in a beads-on-string structure or Nucleosome. This is called Chromatin. The nucleosomes condense to form a chromatin fibre. Chromatin fibre organizes into chromosomes during cell-division. The chromosomes are in pair; each part is called Chromatid. These chromatid are joined together at centromeres.
To do this, they have a unique packaging system, in which DNA wraps around an octomer (eight protein complex) called histone. This results in a beads-on-string structure or Nucleosome. This is called Chromatin. The nucleosomes condense to form a chromatin fibre. Chromatin fibre organizes into chromosomes during cell-division. The chromosomes are in pair; each part is called Chromatid. These chromatid are joined together at centromeres.
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