Question

difference between compressible fluid and compressible flow

Answer 1

A fluid is a liquid or a gas. All real fluids are compressible to some extent. We sometimes refer to a fluid as being incompressible when the pressures involved are small enough that the density will not change significantly due to the applied pressure. It’s simpler to deal with the analysis if you can treat density as being constant. For example, that lets you compute pressure as being equal to rho g h.

Compressible flow refers to flow situations in which the pressure variations due to the flow around objects (such as airplane wings) are large enough to cause a change in density of the fluid that cannot be just ignored. The change in density is enough to affect the flow field, at least a little. It turns out that the Mach number is a really good indication. If Mach number is less than 0.3, you can treat the flow as though the compressibility effects were irrelevant. If mach number is greater than about 0.6 you almost certainly need to include compressiblity effect. In between, it will depend on the circumstance and how accurate an answer you want. For crude results, you can still treat it as an incompressible flow. That means simpler equations of motion. If you need more accurate results, then you have to use compressible flow relations.

So when we refer to a fluid as being compressible or incompressible , that’s really shorthand for that fluid being in a situation where the pressures involved do or do not require us to take the compressibility of the fluid into account.

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