Question

Difference between india before independence and after independence with comparison chart

Answer 1

Education:

In 1947, India was a massively poor bunch of population with a literacy rate of a mere 12%. Despite being a large country, India had a total of only 25 Universities and 600 collegesIn 2017, India has 800 Universities and 40,000 colleges. There are more Universities than there were Colleges in 1947IISc and IITs are ranked in World’s Top 200 UniversitiesLiteracy rate has increased from 12% to 74% (per 2011 census – expected to be much higher by the next census in 2021)

Healthcare:

In 1947, due to poor medical infrastructure, the average life expectancy was a mere 35 yearsIn 2017, the average life expectancy has doubled to 70 yearsThe list of world’s Top 1000 hospitals includes 9 from IndiaIndia has developed into an attractive hub for medical tourismBecause of high quality healthcare being available at affordable prices, almost 200,000 foreign patients arrive in India every year to seek medical treatmentIndia’s Narayana Hrudayalaya (Heart Hospital) and Aravind Eye Care are being taught as case studies at Harvard and other prominent global business schools

Railways – the backbone of economy:

In 1947, India had inherited basic railway infrastructure from BritishBy 2017, India has developed it to become Asia’s largest train network (and world’s 4th largest) that runs more than 20,000 trains at any given momentIndian railways has built the capability to carry more than 1 billion tons of freight every year –only five countries in the world have this capability (the other four being China, USA, Russia and Australia)

Industrialization:

During colonial rule, Frederick Upcott, then head of British Railways was so contemptuous about India’s industrial potential, that he committed to eat every ounce of steel if India could ever produce itIn 2015, India overtook US to become world's 3rd largest steel producer (after China and Japan)In 2016, India overtook South Korea to become the world’s 5th largest in Automobiles manufacturing (after China, US, Japan and Germany)In 2017, India ranks 2nd largest in Cement production (after China) and 10th largest in Pharmaceuticals exportsFortune 500 list of world’s biggest corporations by revenue includes 7 companies from IndiaTotal Manufacturing output from India is world’s 6th largest – ahead of UK (and other major economies like France and Italy)

Self-sustenance:

In 1947, India was dependent on foreign aid for sustenance and growthIn 2017, India is world’s 2nd largest producer of rice and wheat, world’s largest producer of Milk and is in top 5 for most fruits and vegetablesIn 2017, India builds its own cars, two wheelers, pharmaceuticals, consumer goods, electronics and industrial machinery. India has its own space program, satellites launching capability and a gigantic IT services industryOne of the biggest new IT job creators in America is an Indian company.

Answer 2

In 1947 India was poor
And poor maintenance
But after independence we got many changes