Question

difference between indian and european nationalism?in 300 words
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Answer 1

European nationalism began with with emphasis on cultural, religious, linguistic, racial or ethnic unity in the nation state. The French revolution took this to - “liberty, equality and fraternity”, towards the modern-nation state.

Indian nationalism is - a consequence of its diversity. Though, the concept of did exist as both a theoritical and realistic concept, the modern Indian nationalism was the fallout of anti-colonialism and its associated paraphernalia. A similar phenomenon can be observed in the vast majority of the African and Asian ex-colonies.

Despite both Indian and European nationalism springing from the democratic principles of equality, their past plays a major influence leading to vast differences in their manifestations.

European nationalism is in its essence romantic nationalism, tempered by modern ideals and a few hundred years of political, economic and territorial considerations. This is evident from the modern nation states of Europe demarcated by linguistic or ethnic factors. As can be seen, the national boundaries of European nations and their ethnic or linguistic boundaries on the below map align to a great extent

Answer 2

ꜰɪʀꜱᴛ ᴏꜰ ᴀʟʟ, ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪꜱᴍ ɪꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏɴᴄᴇᴘᴛ ᴏꜰ ʟᴏʏᴀʟᴛʏ ᴛᴏᴡᴀʀᴅꜱ ᴀ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴ. ɪɴ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪꜱᴍ, ᴛʜɪꜱ ꜱᴇɴᴛɪᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴏꜰ ʟᴏʏᴀʟᴛʏ ᴍᴜꜱᴛ ʙᴇ ᴘʀᴇꜱᴇɴᴛ ɪɴ ᴇᴠᴇʀʏ ᴄɪᴛɪᴢᴇɴ. ᴛʜɪꜱ ɪᴅᴇᴏʟᴏɢʏ ᴄᴇʀᴛᴀɪɴʟʏ ʜᴀꜱ ʙᴇᴇɴ ᴘʀᴇꜱᴇɴᴛ ɪɴ ʜᴜᴍᴀɴɪᴛʏ ꜱɪɴᴄᴇ ᴛɪᴍᴇ ɪᴍᴍᴇᴍᴏʀɪᴀʟ. ᴀʙᴏᴠᴇ ᴀʟʟ, ɪᴛ’ꜱ ᴀ ᴄᴏɴᴄᴇᴘᴛ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴜɴɪᴛᴇꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ ᴏꜰ ᴀ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴ. ɪᴛ ɪꜱ ᴀʟꜱᴏ ᴄʜᴀʀᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴢᴇᴅ ʙʏ ʟᴏᴠᴇ ꜰᴏʀ ᴏɴᴇ’ꜱ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴ. ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪꜱᴍ ɪꜱ ᴘʀᴏʙᴀʙʟʏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴏꜱᴛ ɪᴍᴘᴏʀᴛᴀɴᴛ ꜰᴀᴄᴛᴏʀ ɪɴ ɪɴᴛᴇʀɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘᴏʟɪᴛɪᴄꜱ.

ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪꜱᴍ ʜᴀᴘᴘᴇɴꜱ ʙᴇᴄᴀᴜꜱᴇ ᴏꜰ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴏɴ ꜰᴀᴄᴛᴏʀꜱ. ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ ᴏꜰ ᴀ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ꜱʜᴀʀᴇ ᴛʜᴇꜱᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴏɴ ꜰᴀᴄᴛᴏʀꜱ. ᴛʜᴇꜱᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴏɴ ꜰᴀᴄᴛᴏʀꜱ ᴀʀᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴏɴ ʟᴀɴɢᴜᴀɢᴇ, ʜɪꜱᴛᴏʀʏ, ᴄᴜʟᴛᴜʀᴇ, ᴛʀᴀᴅɪᴛɪᴏɴꜱ, ᴍᴇɴᴛᴀʟɪᴛʏ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴛᴇʀʀɪᴛᴏʀʏ. ᴛʜᴜꜱ ᴀ ꜱᴇɴꜱᴇ ᴏꜰ ʙᴇʟᴏɴɢɪɴɢ ᴡᴏᴜʟᴅ ᴄᴇʀᴛᴀɪɴʟʏ ᴄᴏᴍᴇ ɪɴ ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ. ɪᴛ ᴡᴏᴜʟᴅ ɪɴᴇᴠɪᴛᴀʙʟʏ ʜᴀᴘᴘᴇɴ, ᴡʜᴇᴛʜᴇʀ ʏᴏᴜ ʟɪᴋᴇ ɪᴛ ᴏʀ ɴᴏᴛ. ᴛʜᴇʀᴇꜰᴏʀᴇ, ᴀ ꜰᴇᴇʟɪɴɢ ᴏꜰ ᴜɴɪᴛʏ ᴀɴᴅ ʟᴏᴠᴇ ᴡᴏᴜʟᴅ ʜᴀᴘᴘᴇɴ ᴀᴍᴏɴɢ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴄɪᴛɪᴢᴇɴꜱ. ɪɴ ᴛʜɪꜱ ᴡᴀʏ, ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪꜱᴍ ɢɪᴠᴇꜱ ꜱᴛʀᴇɴɢᴛʜ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ ᴏꜰ ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴ.

ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪꜱᴍ ʜᴀꜱ ᴀɴ ɪɴᴠᴇʀꜱᴇ ʀᴇʟᴀᴛɪᴏɴꜱʜɪᴘ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴄʀɪᴍᴇ. ɪᴛ ꜱᴇᴇᴍꜱ ʟɪᴋᴇ ᴄʀɪᴍᴇ ʀᴀᴛᴇꜱ ᴀʀᴇ ꜱɪɢɴɪꜰɪᴄᴀɴᴛʟʏ ʟᴏᴡᴇʀ ɪɴ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀɪᴇꜱ ᴡɪᴛʜ ꜱᴛʀᴏɴɢ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪꜱᴍ. ᴛʜɪꜱ ʜᴀᴘᴘᴇɴꜱ ʙᴇᴄᴀᴜꜱᴇ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪꜱᴍ ᴘᴜᴛꜱ ꜰᴇᴇʟɪɴɢꜱ ᴏꜰ ʟᴏᴠᴇ ᴛᴏᴡᴀʀᴅꜱ ꜰᴇʟʟᴏᴡ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀʏᴍᴇɴ. ᴛʜᴇʀᴇꜰᴏʀᴇ, ᴍᴀɴʏ ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ ᴀᴠᴏɪᴅ ᴄᴏᴍᴍɪᴛᴛɪɴɢ ᴀ ᴄʀɪᴍᴇ ᴀɢᴀɪɴꜱᴛ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴏᴡɴ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀʏᴍᴇɴ. ꜱɪᴍɪʟᴀʀʟʏ, ᴄᴏʀʀᴜᴘᴛɪᴏɴ ɪꜱ ᴀʟꜱᴏ ʟᴏᴡ ɪɴ ꜱᴜᴄʜ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀɪᴇꜱ. ɪɴᴅɪᴠɪᴅᴜᴀʟꜱ ɪɴ ᴡʜᴏꜱᴇ ʜᴇᴀʀᴛ ɪꜱ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪꜱᴍ, ᴀᴠᴏɪᴅ ᴄᴏʀʀᴜᴘᴛɪᴏɴ. ᴛʜɪꜱ ɪꜱ ʙᴇᴄᴀᴜꜱᴇ ᴛʜᴇʏ ꜰᴇᴇʟ ɢᴜɪʟᴛʏ ᴛᴏ ʜᴀʀᴍ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀʏ.

ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪꜱᴍ ᴄᴇʀᴛᴀɪɴʟʏ ɪɴᴄʀᴇᴀꜱᴇꜱ ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴇꜱᴏʟᴠᴇ ᴏꜰ ᴀ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴛᴏ ᴅᴇꜰᴇɴᴅ ɪᴛꜱᴇʟꜰ. ᴛʜᴇʀᴇ ᴘʀᴏʙᴀʙʟʏ ɪꜱ ᴀ ʜᴜɢᴇ ꜱᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ ꜰᴏʀ ꜱᴛʀᴇɴɢᴛʜᴇɴɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍɪʟɪᴛᴀʀʏ ᴀᴍᴏɴɢ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪꜱᴛɪᴄ ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ. ᴀ ꜱᴛʀᴏɴɢ ᴍɪʟɪᴛᴀʀʏ ɪꜱ ᴄᴇʀᴛᴀɪɴʟʏ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴇꜱᴛ ᴡᴀʏ ᴏꜰ ᴅᴇꜰᴇɴᴅɪɴɢ ᴀɢᴀɪɴꜱᴛ ꜰᴏʀᴇɪɢɴ ᴇɴᴇᴍɪᴇꜱ. ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀɪᴇꜱ ᴡɪᴛʜ ʟᴏᴡ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪꜱᴍ, ᴘʀᴏʙᴀʙʟʏ ᴅᴏɴ’ᴛ ɪɴᴠᴇꜱᴛ ʜᴇᴀᴠɪʟʏ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍɪʟɪᴛᴀʀʏ. ᴛʜɪꜱ ɪꜱ ʙᴇᴄᴀᴜꜱᴇ ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ ᴡɪᴛʜ ʟᴏᴡ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪꜱᴍ ᴅᴏɴ’ᴛ ꜰᴀᴠᴏʀ ꜱᴛʀᴏɴɢ ᴍɪʟɪᴛᴀʀɪᴇꜱ. ʜᴇɴᴄᴇ, ᴛʜᴇꜱᴇ ᴄᴏᴜɴᴛʀɪᴇꜱ ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴅᴏɴ’ᴛ ᴛᴀᴋᴇ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪꜱᴍ ꜱᴇʀɪᴏᴜꜱʟʏ ᴀʀᴇ ᴠᴜʟɴᴇʀᴀʙʟᴇ.

ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪꜱᴍ ᴇɴᴄᴏᴜʀᴀɢᴇꜱ ᴇɴᴠɪʀᴏɴᴍᴇɴᴛᴀʟ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴀꜱ ᴡᴇʟʟ. ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ ᴡɪᴛʜ ʜɪɢʜ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴘʀɪᴅᴇ ᴡᴏᴜʟᴅ ꜰᴇᴇʟ ᴀꜱʜᴀᴍᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴘᴏʟʟᴜᴛᴇ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴ. ᴛʜᴇʀᴇꜰᴏʀᴇ, ꜱᴜᴄʜ ᴘᴇᴏᴘʟᴇ ᴡᴏᴜʟᴅ ɪɴᴛᴇɴᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟʟʏ ᴡᴏʀᴋ ꜰᴏʀ ᴇɴᴠɪʀᴏɴᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴘʀᴏᴛᴇᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴇᴠᴇɴ ᴡɪᴛʜᴏᴜᴛ ʀᴜʟᴇꜱ. ɪɴ ᴄᴏɴᴛʀᴀꜱᴛ, ᴀɴ ɪɴᴅɪᴠɪᴅᴜᴀʟ ᴡɪᴛʜ ʟᴏᴡ ɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟɪꜱᴍ ᴡᴏᴜʟᴅ ᴛʜʀᴏᴡ ɢᴀʀʙᴀɢᴇ ᴄᴀʀᴇʟᴇꜱꜱʟʏ.