Difference between layer 2 vlan and layer 3 vlan
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Traditional switching operates at layer 2 of the OSI model, where packets are sent to a specific switch port based on destination MAC addresses. Routing operates at layer 3, where packets are sent to a specific next-hop IP address, based on destination IP address. Devices in the same layer 2 segment do not need routing to reach local peers. What is needed however is the destination MAC address
Since VLANs exist in their own layer 3 subnet, routing will need to occur for traffic to flow in between VLANs. This is where a layer 3 switch can be utilized. A Layer 3 switch is basically a switch that can perform routing functions in addition to switching. A client computer requires a default gateway for layer 3 connectivity to remote subnets. When the computer sends traffic to another subnet, the destination MAC address in the packet will be that of the default gateway, which will then accept the packet at layer 2, and proceed to route the traffic to the appropriate destination based on its routing table.
Since VLANs exist in their own layer 3 subnet, routing will need to occur for traffic to flow in between VLANs. This is where a layer 3 switch can be utilized. A Layer 3 switch is basically a switch that can perform routing functions in addition to switching. A client computer requires a default gateway for layer 3 connectivity to remote subnets. When the computer sends traffic to another subnet, the destination MAC address in the packet will be that of the default gateway, which will then accept the packet at layer 2, and proceed to route the traffic to the appropriate destination based on its routing table.
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