Question

difference between maternal inheritance and cytoplasmic inheritance

Answer 1

Chromosomal DNA is the main storehouse of genetic information in a cell. It is instrumental in deciding the phenotype of an offspring. However, there are instances where the phenotype of the offspring is similar to the maternal phenotype regardless of environmental effects or the genotype it bears. This indicates that there is DNA outside the nucleus which contributes to deciding the phenotype of the offspring. Scientists have discovered that it is mainly due to two phenomena named cytoplasmic inheritance and genetic maternal effect. Though chromosomes divide precisely into gametes during meiosis, the cytoplasm of gametes does not collect precisely into the zygote. Cytoplasmic inheritance and genetic maternal effects arise due to the contribution of more cytoplasm by female gamete into the resultant zygote during the syngamy. However, the cytoplasmic inheritance and genetic maternal effect are different from each other. The key difference between cytoplasmic inheritance and genetic maternal effect is that cytoplasmic inheritance occurs due the genetic information stored in genes of some organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts present in the cytoplasm while genetic maternal effect occurs due to the mRNA and proteins received from the female gamete.

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Answer 2

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