Chemistry, asked by niladri8910, 1 year ago

Difference between neuclear fission and radioactive decay

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Answered by shreshthkatiyar13
0

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In nuclear fission, a very heavy nucleus will split (fission) into 2 or 3 parts. This is highly unlikely in anything lighter than thorium. The fission could be natural (the nucleus was unstable to start) or induced by particle bombardment. Natural fission of uranium-235 occurs all the time on the earth, but at very low concentrations. Induced nuclear fission is what makes nuclear reactors work; a uranium-235 atom absorbs a neutron and then fissions producing more neutrons to cause more fissions.

In radioactive decay, a nuclei is unstable and achieves a more stable state by transforming its nuclei (protons and neutrons). Every element has radioactive isotopes starting from hydrogen all the way up to whatever element they create next year. The radioactive decay can be of many types depending on why the nucleus is unstable; alpha, beta, gamma, positron, etc. Natural fission is also a form of radioactive decay, so the two concepts overlap.

Radioactive decay is a well understood process, but it is random. We can predict with very high accuracy what percentage of a mass of radioactive atoms will decay in the next hour, but we cannot predict when an individual atom will decay (we only get probabilities for that).

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