Question

Difference between nutrition in amoeba and ruminants​

Answer 1

Answer:

$\green{Nutrition in Ruminants}$

Ruminants have a very special type of digestive system. A four-chambered stomach is a peculiar characteristic of these animals. Let’s know more about it. The main components of their digestive system include:

Mouth: The mouth lacks any enzymes and just chews as well as softens the food.

Esophagus: It directs the movement from mouth to the rumen.

Rumen: This is the part that distinguishes the ruminants from others. It is a large sac-like structure that is present in between the oesophagus and the small intestine. Food is stored here temporarily after which it returns to the mouth for chewing. It returns to the mouth by a process called antiperistalsis.You can see the ruminant lying down quietly and chewing on the cud. The food then passes down to the reticulum after getting chewed

Reticulum: The bacteria present here ferment the food.It separates finely ground material from coarse ones as well as retains the hard pieces of wood.

Omasum: It has parallel leaf-like components with rough surfaces. It is mainly responsible for absorption of water. Food gets ground more finely

Abomasum: Breakdown of proteins takes place here with the help of enzymes. It passes on to the small intestine where rest of the digestion takes place just like humans.

$\pink{Nutrition in Amoeba}$

Amoeba is a microscopic unicellular organism. It mostly resides in places like pond water. It’s structure consists of the following basic components:

a cell membrane

a nucleus

cytoplasm – endoplasm and ectoplasm

small food vacuoles ( these look like small bubbles )

finger-like projections called pseudopodia ( also known as ” false feet” )

Fun fact: With the help of pseudopodia, this unicellular organism can not only change its size and shape but also capture its food.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Amoeba

Amoeba ingests the food by encircling it by forming pseudopodia. When the food is completely encircled , the food is engulfed in the form of a bag called food vacuole.

In amoeba, several digestive enzymes react on the food present in the food vacuoles and break it down into simple and soluble molecules.

The food digested by digestive enzymes is then absorbed in the cytoplasm by the process of diffusion. While the undigested food remains in the food vacuole. If a large amount of food is absorbed by amoeba, the excess food is stored in the cytoplasm in the form of glycogen and lipids.

During this step the food absorbed by the cytoplasm is used to obtain energy, growth and repair. This process of utilizing absorbed food for obtaining energy, repair and growth is called assimilation.

When a sufficient amount of undigested food gets collected in the food vacuole, it is thrown out of the body by rupturing cell membrane. The process of removal of undigested food from the body is called egestion.

Ruminants

Grass eating animals like cows, buffaloes are called ruminants because they have a separate part of stomach called rumen .They quickly swallow the grass and is stored in rumen where it is partially digested forming cud.

Rumination is the process by which cud returns to the mouth in small lumps and then the animal chews it.

Grass contain cellulose which is digested by special bacteria present in a sac like structure located between small intestine and large intestine.