Differenciate between h2so4 and hydrochloride ;)
Answers
Both hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acids (H2SO4) are strong mineral(inorganic) acids. But, there are some impotant differences between the two.
1. HCl is a hydracid, as it does not have oxygen in its molecular composition.
Sufuric acid is a typical example of an oxo-acid, having two OH groups.
2. HCl is a monobasic acid, which means its molecule has only one ionizable hydrogen atom.
H2SO4 is a dibasic acid, as it has two ionizable hydrogen atoms in its molecule.
3. HCl acid is a mild reducing agent. It undergoes redox reactions with strong oxidising agents like MnO2 and KnMO4, getting itself oxidised to chlorine gas.
MnO2 + 4HCl = MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O
2KMnO4 + 16HCl = 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O
Sulfuric acid is a strong oxidising agent in the concentrated form at higher temperatures, though dil.H2SO4 is non-oxidising. Conc.H2SO4 is reduced to SO2 in its redox reactions in hot condition.
2HBr + H2SO4 = Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O
C + 2H2SO4 = CO2 + 2SO2 + 2H2O
4. Conc.H2SO4 can displace HCl from the latter's salt like NaCl in hot condition.
NaCl + H2SO4 = NaHSO4 + HCl
HCl does not displace H2SO4 from a sulfate salt in similar manner.
5. Conc.H2SO4 is a strong dehydrating agent, as it has strong affinity for water. It dehydrates alcohols to alkenes at high temperatures.
C2H5OH (ethanol) (+H2SO4 ) = C2H4 (ethylene)+ H2O
HCl acid does not have dehydrating property, though HCl gas has very high solubility in water.
1. HCl is a hydracid, as it does not have oxygen in its molecular composition.
Sufuric acid is a typical example of an oxo-acid, having two OH groups.
2. HCl is a monobasic acid, which means its molecule has only one ionizable hydrogen atom.
H2SO4 is a dibasic acid, as it has two ionizable hydrogen atoms in its molecule.
3. HCl acid is a mild reducing agent. It undergoes redox reactions with strong oxidising agents like MnO2 and KnMO4, getting itself oxidised to chlorine gas.
MnO2 + 4HCl = MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O
2KMnO4 + 16HCl = 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O
Sulfuric acid is a strong oxidising agent in the concentrated form at higher temperatures, though dil.H2SO4 is non-oxidising. Conc.H2SO4 is reduced to SO2 in its redox reactions in hot condition.
2HBr + H2SO4 = Br2 + SO2 + 2H2O
C + 2H2SO4 = CO2 + 2SO2 + 2H2O
4. Conc.H2SO4 can displace HCl from the latter's salt like NaCl in hot condition.
NaCl + H2SO4 = NaHSO4 + HCl
HCl does not displace H2SO4 from a sulfate salt in similar manner.
5. Conc.H2SO4 is a strong dehydrating agent, as it has strong affinity for water. It dehydrates alcohols to alkenes at high temperatures.
C2H5OH (ethanol) (+H2SO4 ) = C2H4 (ethylene)+ H2O
HCl acid does not have dehydrating property, though HCl gas has very high solubility in water.
Hope it Helps