different between chemical reaction and nuclear
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One of the main differences between nuclear reaction and chemical reaction is related to how the reaction takes place in the atom. While nuclear reaction takes place in the atom’s nucleus, the electrons in the atom are responsible for Chemical reactions.
The chemical reactions involve the transfer, loss, gain and sharing of electrons and nothing takes place in the nucleus. Nuclear reactions involve the decomposition of the nucleus and have nothing to do with the electrons. When the nucleus decomposes, it may change to another atom because of the loss of neutrons or protons. In a nuclear reaction, the protons and neutrons react inside the nucleus and in chemical reactions the electrons react outside the nucleus.
Nuclear reaction can be termed as either fission or fusion. Chemical reactions, on the other hand cannot be termed so. In a chemical reaction, a substance is changed to one or more other substances because of the action of the electrons. But in a nuclear reaction, a new element is formed because of the action of the proton or neutron.
The chemical reactions involve the transfer, loss, gain and sharing of electrons and nothing takes place in the nucleus. Nuclear reactions involve the decomposition of the nucleus and have nothing to do with the electrons. When the nucleus decomposes, it may change to another atom because of the loss of neutrons or protons. In a nuclear reaction, the protons and neutrons react inside the nucleus and in chemical reactions the electrons react outside the nucleus.
Nuclear reaction can be termed as either fission or fusion. Chemical reactions, on the other hand cannot be termed so. In a chemical reaction, a substance is changed to one or more other substances because of the action of the electrons. But in a nuclear reaction, a new element is formed because of the action of the proton or neutron.
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Six differences between nuclear reaction and chemical reaction
(1) Nuclear reactions involve a change in an atom's nucleus, usually producing a different element ,along with the emission of radiations like α,βandγ etc rays. Chemical reactions, on the other hand, involve only a rearrangement of electrons and do not involve changes in the nuclei. So nuclear reaction is nuclear phenomenon and chemical reaction is extra-nuclear phenomenon.
(2) Different isotopes of an element normally behave similarly in chemical reactions as their extra-nuclear electronic configurations are same. The nuclear chemistry of different isotopes vary greatly from each other.
(3) Rates of chemical reactions are influenced by external effect like temperature,pressure and catalysts. Rates of nuclear reactions are spontaneous and are unaffected by such factors.
(4) Nuclear reactions are independent of the chemical form of the element.This means both in elemental and in compound state same amount of radio-element shows similar radioactivity.
(5) Energy changes accompanying nuclear reactions are much larger. This energy comes from destruction of mass.
(6) In a nuclear reaction, mass is not strictly conserved. Some of the mass is converted into energy,according to the equation E = mc2 and the order of energy evolved during a nuclear reaction is much higher than that of a chemical reaction.
(1) Nuclear reactions involve a change in an atom's nucleus, usually producing a different element ,along with the emission of radiations like α,βandγ etc rays. Chemical reactions, on the other hand, involve only a rearrangement of electrons and do not involve changes in the nuclei. So nuclear reaction is nuclear phenomenon and chemical reaction is extra-nuclear phenomenon.
(2) Different isotopes of an element normally behave similarly in chemical reactions as their extra-nuclear electronic configurations are same. The nuclear chemistry of different isotopes vary greatly from each other.
(3) Rates of chemical reactions are influenced by external effect like temperature,pressure and catalysts. Rates of nuclear reactions are spontaneous and are unaffected by such factors.
(4) Nuclear reactions are independent of the chemical form of the element.This means both in elemental and in compound state same amount of radio-element shows similar radioactivity.
(5) Energy changes accompanying nuclear reactions are much larger. This energy comes from destruction of mass.
(6) In a nuclear reaction, mass is not strictly conserved. Some of the mass is converted into energy,according to the equation E = mc2 and the order of energy evolved during a nuclear reaction is much higher than that of a chemical reaction.
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