Different between roadway and railway
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Construction of route:
In roadways, these routes consist of suitable pavement of specified width provided usually with shoulders on either side.
In railways, the routes consist of pair of steel rails which are laid parallel to each other on sleepers at fixed distance apart.
Suitability to traffic:
In roadways, routes are meant for movement of different types, of traffic such as buses, trucks, scooters, rickshaws, cycles, pedestrians etc.
The railway routes are meant only for movement of trains.
Width of right-of-way:
The roadway routes require more width of right-of-way.
The railway routes require less width of right-of-way.
Starting and destinations:
In roadways, starting and destination points of traffic are not fixed.
In railways, starting and destination points of trains are always fixed.
Right of entry:
In roadways, the right of entry is free to all vehicles because their movements are not according to any schedule.
In railways, the right of entry is not free to all railway vehicles because their movements are always according to schedule.
Strength of route:
The required strength of roadways is less.
The required strength of railway tracks is more.
Elasticity:
The roadway routes do not require an elastic structure since they are not to withstand impacts of heavy wheel loads.
The railway routes require an elastic structure to withstand impact of heavy wheel loads.
Gradients and curves:
In roadways, the routes can be constructed with steep gradients and sharp curves. Thus, route length in their case is less.
In railways, these routes cannot be constructed with steep gradients and flat curves. Thus, route length in their case is more.
Tractive resistance:
The tractive resistance of roadway routes is high (5 to 6 times the tractive resistance in case of railway).
The tractive resistance of railway routes is low (1/5th to 1/6th the tractive resistance in case of roadways).
Load handling capacity:
The load handling capacity of road vehicles is less and that too at low speeds.
Load handling capacity of railway vehicles is more and that too at high speeds.
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Answer:
Roadways:
1. Highly suitable for short distance services.
2. Most common mode of transport, easy, cheap to construct and maintain.
3. Based on the construction and maintenance divided into National Highways, State Highways, District Roads, Village roads, Border roads, International highways, Express ways.
4. Second longest network in the world.
5. Door to door services possible.
Railways:
1. Ideal for long distance services.
2. Construction depend upon the climatic and physical factors like terrain. Costly when compared with roadways.
3. On the basis of width of the track falls under 4 types, Broad gauge, meter gauge, narrow gauge and light gauge.
4. Largest in Asia and second largest in the World.
5. Cannot provide door to door services.
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