Question

differentiate between :(a) sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction :(b) gametes and zygote

Answer 1

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION AND ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION:

▪ Asexual reproduction is the mode or formation of reproduction of new young individuals from a specialised or unspecialised part of single parent without the formation and fusion of gametes.
▪ Besides being uniparental (sexual reproduction including one parent) and absence of gametes, Asexual reproduction is characterised by division through mitosis only, genetic similarity between parent and young ones, rapidity and absence of haploid-diploid alteration.
▪ Common examples are fission (whole body of the individual undergoes division to two equal sized daughter individuals), Spores (minute single-celled thin-walled propagules which have dual function of dispersal and formation of need individuals), Budding (new organisms develop as outgrowth or buds from a parent), Vegetative reproduction (consists Vegetative propagation of lower plants and Natural Vegetative propagation in higher plants), etc.

▪ Sexual reproduction is the mode of multiplication where new individuals or young ones are formed through the process of formation and fusion of gametes.
▪ Haploid-diploid (gametes-individual) alternation occurs. Gametogenesis involves meiosis. Fusion of gametes or fertilisation occurs and the fertilisation restores the number of chromosomes number. The offspring is produced by growth of the fusion product of gametes called zygote.
▪ Sexual reproduction is commonly biparental (involving two parents at the same time) with the exception of lower animals and most plants where two types of reproductive organs occur over the same individual. A number of variation appear in the offspring. Common examples of it include: Animal breeding, Sexuality of organisms, etc.

Difference between a zygote and Gamete:

▪ The fusing of gametes are similar, isogametes or homogametes in primitive forms, example, Ulothrix. The phenomenon of their fusion is called isogamy.
▪ The Zygote is formed after the fusion has been completed. After that it undergoes embryo changes and new forms in humans.

Answer 2

Answer:

Asexual reproduction

1.Only one parent is involved.

2.New plants grow from vegetative parts of the parent plant.

3.New plant is exactly same as parent plant.

Sexual reproduction

1.Both the parents are involved.

2.New plants grow from seed of the plant.

3.New plant may have some changes.