Differentiate between anaerobic and aerobic respiration.
Answers
Aerobic respiration is a fixed metabolic reaction that takes place in the presence of oxygen, going on in a cellular to transform chemical energy into ATPs. Anaerobic respiration is a process of cellular respiration in which the excessive energy electron acceptor is neither oxygen nor pyruvate derivatives.
Answer:
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Explanation:
Aerobic respiration is a set of metabolic reactions that take place in the presence of oxygen, occurring in a cell to convert chemical energy into ATPs.
Aerobic respiration takes place in all plants, animals, birds, and humans, except for some primitive prokaryotes.
In aerobic respiration, oxygen acts as an electron acceptor which helps produce ATPs more effectively and more quickly.
The double bond in the oxygen has higher energy than other bonds which aids to produce more ATPs.
It is the preferred method of degradation of pyruvate after glycolysis where the pyruvate then enters the mitochondria to be fully oxidized during the Kreb’s cycle.
The process of aerobic respiration is utilized for the oxidation of carbohydrates, but products from fats and proteins are also used as reactants.
Carbon dioxide gas and water are the two products of aerobic respiration along with the energy that is used to add a third phosphate group to ADP and form ATP.
Other energy-rich molecules like NADH and FADH2 are converted into ATP via electron transport chain with oxygen and protons.
During aerobic respiration, most ATPs are produced during oxidative phosphorylation where the energy of oxygen molecule is used to pump protons out of the membrane.
The passage of protons creates a potential that is then used to initiate ATP synthase and produce ATP from ADP and a phosphate group.
Ideally, a total of 38 ATPs are produced at the end of the aerobic respiration. However, some energy is lost due to leaking of the membrane or the cost of moving pyruvate through the cell, as a result of which about 29-30 ATPs are only produced.
Aerobic respiration results in complete oxidation of carbohydrate molecules which take place in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells as the enzymes for the process are present there.
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