Differentiate between Diffusion and Osmosis
And
Differentiate between
Active transport and Diffusion
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Osmosis and Diffusion Definitions
Osmosis: Osmosis is the movement of solvent particles across a semipermeable membrane from a dilute solution into a concentrated solution.
The solvent moves to dilute the concentrated solution and equalize concentration on both sides of the membrane.
Diffusion: Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration. The overall effect is to equalize concentration throughout the medium.
Osmosis and Diffusion Examples
Examples of Diffusion: Examples of diffusion include perfume filling a whole room, a drop of food coloring spreading out to uniformly color a cup of water, and the movement of small molecules across a cell membrane. One of the simplest demonstrations of diffusion is adding a drop of food coloring in water. While other transport processes occur, diffusion is the key player. See more examples of diffusion.
Examples of Osmosis: Examples of osmosis include red blood cells swelling up when exposed to fresh water and plant root hairs uptake water via osmosis. To see an easy demonstration of osmosis, soak gummy candies in water.
The gel of the candies acts as a semipermeable membrane.
Osmosis and Diffusion Similarities
Osmosis and diffusion are related processes that display similarities:
Both osmosis and diffusion equalize the concentration of two solutions.
Both diffusion and osmosis are passive transport processes, which means they do not require any input of extra energy to occur. In both diffusion and osmosis, particles move from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration.
Osmosis and Diffusion Differences
Diffusion can occur in any mixture, including one which includes a semipermeable membrane, while osmosis always occurs across a semipermeable membrane.
When people discuss osmosis in biology, it always refers to the movement of water. In chemistry, it's possible for other solvents to be involved. In biology, this is a difference between the two processes.
One big difference between osmosis and diffusion is that both solvent and solute particles are free to move in diffusion, but when we talk about osmosis, only the solvent molecules(water molecules) cross the membrane. This can be confusing to understand because while the solvent particles are moving from higher to lower solvent concentration across the membrane, they are moving from lower to higher soluteconcentration (from a more dilute solution to a region of more concentrated solution). This occurs naturally because the system seeks balance or equilibrium. If the solute particles can't cross a barrier, the only way to equalize concentration on both sides of the membrane is for the solvent particles to move in. You can consider osmosis to be a special case of diffusion in which diffusion occurs across a semipermeable membrane and only the water or other solvent moves.
Table Comparing Diffusion Versus Osmosis
DiffusionOsmosisAny type of substance moves from area of highest energy or concentration to region of lowest energy or concentration. Only water or another solvent moves from a region of high energy or concentration to a region of lower energy or concentration.Diffusion can occur in any medium, whether it is liquid, solid, or gas. Osmosis only occurs in a liquid medium.Diffusion does not require a semipermeable membrane. Osmosis requires a semipermeable membrane.Concentration of the diffusion substance equalizes to fill the available space.Concentration of solvent does not become equal on both sides of the membrane.Hydrostatic pressure and turgor pressure to not normally apply to diffusion.Hydrostatic pressure and turgor pressure oppose osmosis.Does not depend on solute potential, pressure potential, or water potential.Depends on solute potential.Diffusion mainly depends on the presence of other particles.Osmosis mainly depends on the number of solute particles dissolved in the solvent.Diffusion is a passive process.Osmosis is also a passive process.The movement in diffusion is to equalize concentration (energy) throughout the system.The movement in osmosis seeks to equalize solvent concentration (although it does not achieve this).
Osmosis: Osmosis is the movement of solvent particles across a semipermeable membrane from a dilute solution into a concentrated solution.
The solvent moves to dilute the concentrated solution and equalize concentration on both sides of the membrane.
Diffusion: Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration. The overall effect is to equalize concentration throughout the medium.
Osmosis and Diffusion Examples
Examples of Diffusion: Examples of diffusion include perfume filling a whole room, a drop of food coloring spreading out to uniformly color a cup of water, and the movement of small molecules across a cell membrane. One of the simplest demonstrations of diffusion is adding a drop of food coloring in water. While other transport processes occur, diffusion is the key player. See more examples of diffusion.
Examples of Osmosis: Examples of osmosis include red blood cells swelling up when exposed to fresh water and plant root hairs uptake water via osmosis. To see an easy demonstration of osmosis, soak gummy candies in water.
The gel of the candies acts as a semipermeable membrane.
Osmosis and Diffusion Similarities
Osmosis and diffusion are related processes that display similarities:
Both osmosis and diffusion equalize the concentration of two solutions.
Both diffusion and osmosis are passive transport processes, which means they do not require any input of extra energy to occur. In both diffusion and osmosis, particles move from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration.
Osmosis and Diffusion Differences
Diffusion can occur in any mixture, including one which includes a semipermeable membrane, while osmosis always occurs across a semipermeable membrane.
When people discuss osmosis in biology, it always refers to the movement of water. In chemistry, it's possible for other solvents to be involved. In biology, this is a difference between the two processes.
One big difference between osmosis and diffusion is that both solvent and solute particles are free to move in diffusion, but when we talk about osmosis, only the solvent molecules(water molecules) cross the membrane. This can be confusing to understand because while the solvent particles are moving from higher to lower solvent concentration across the membrane, they are moving from lower to higher soluteconcentration (from a more dilute solution to a region of more concentrated solution). This occurs naturally because the system seeks balance or equilibrium. If the solute particles can't cross a barrier, the only way to equalize concentration on both sides of the membrane is for the solvent particles to move in. You can consider osmosis to be a special case of diffusion in which diffusion occurs across a semipermeable membrane and only the water or other solvent moves.
Table Comparing Diffusion Versus Osmosis
DiffusionOsmosisAny type of substance moves from area of highest energy or concentration to region of lowest energy or concentration. Only water or another solvent moves from a region of high energy or concentration to a region of lower energy or concentration.Diffusion can occur in any medium, whether it is liquid, solid, or gas. Osmosis only occurs in a liquid medium.Diffusion does not require a semipermeable membrane. Osmosis requires a semipermeable membrane.Concentration of the diffusion substance equalizes to fill the available space.Concentration of solvent does not become equal on both sides of the membrane.Hydrostatic pressure and turgor pressure to not normally apply to diffusion.Hydrostatic pressure and turgor pressure oppose osmosis.Does not depend on solute potential, pressure potential, or water potential.Depends on solute potential.Diffusion mainly depends on the presence of other particles.Osmosis mainly depends on the number of solute particles dissolved in the solvent.Diffusion is a passive process.Osmosis is also a passive process.The movement in diffusion is to equalize concentration (energy) throughout the system.The movement in osmosis seeks to equalize solvent concentration (although it does not achieve this).
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Osmosis Diffusion
It happens only in liquid state. It occurs in all states of matter i.e., solids, liquids or gases.
It is the movement of only water or solvent from higher concentration area to lower concentration area. Any type of substance that moves from higher concentration area to lower concentration area.
It is applied only for the solvent part of the solution. Diffusion is applied for all states of matter.
It requires semipermeable membrane. This phenomenon does not require semipermeable membrane.
Osmosis depends on the rate of reduction of free energy of one solvent. It only depends on the free energy of the substance.
Influenced by the solute potential Not influenced by solute potential
It is opposed by hydrostatic or turgor pressure. Hydrostatic pressure or turgor pressure will not occur in diffusion.
In this process, concentration of solvent is not equalized. Concentration of whole substance will be equalised.
Factors like solute potential, water potential and pressure potential will not affect osmosis. Factors like solute potential, water potential and pressure potential will not affect diffusion.
It happens only in liquid state. It occurs in all states of matter i.e., solids, liquids or gases.
It is the movement of only water or solvent from higher concentration area to lower concentration area. Any type of substance that moves from higher concentration area to lower concentration area.
It is applied only for the solvent part of the solution. Diffusion is applied for all states of matter.
It requires semipermeable membrane. This phenomenon does not require semipermeable membrane.
Osmosis depends on the rate of reduction of free energy of one solvent. It only depends on the free energy of the substance.
Influenced by the solute potential Not influenced by solute potential
It is opposed by hydrostatic or turgor pressure. Hydrostatic pressure or turgor pressure will not occur in diffusion.
In this process, concentration of solvent is not equalized. Concentration of whole substance will be equalised.
Factors like solute potential, water potential and pressure potential will not affect osmosis. Factors like solute potential, water potential and pressure potential will not affect diffusion.
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