Differentiate between the following.
a. Adaptation and acclimatization
b. Floating plants and aerial plants
c. Paired fins and unpaired fins of fish
d. Aquatic animals and animals that live in
deserts
e. Flapping movement and gliding
movement of birds
Answers
Answer:
a)Adaptation is a generic phrase encompassing all chtanges undertaken by an organism to reduce the negative effects of unfamiliar and undesirable external environment. This includes both acclimatization and acclimation.
Adaptation describes a spectrum of changes that follow acute and repeated exposure incorporating genotypic (changes within the genome) and phenotypic (within an organism’s physiology) adaptations. It may also include behavioural responses includingIn gliding flight, the wing experiences uniform incident flow and the optimal shape is a high aspect ratio wing with an elliptical planform. In flapping flight, on the other hand, the wing tip travels faster than the root, creating a spanwise velocity grading reduced activity levels.
Acclimatization describes adaptive physiological or behavioural changes within an organism in response to their natural climate or environment.
Acclimation differs from acclimatization in that rather than adaptive characteristics being augmented in a natural climate or environment, the stimuli for adaptation is artificially induced, typically within an enclosed chamber within which ambient conditions (temperature/oxygen content) are altered.
b) Land plants are typically taller than wide and have a branched root system. Water plants are typically wider and have spongier leaves, which allow the plant to float on water. Aquatic plants don't root down into the soil. Their roots hang in the water and they're able to move around.
c)Fins are composed of two groups, unpaired and paired. The unpaired fins are the dorsal, caudal, and anal; the paired fins are called pectorals and pelvics, or ventrals. Pectoral fins are present in almost every fish.
d)In the sea, plants and animals are surrounded by salt water. Most of them use the air dissolved in water for breathing. In the desert, a very little amount of water is available. It is very hot in the daytime and very cold at night. The organisms breathe air from the surroundings.
e)gliding flight, the wing experiences uniform incident flow and the optimal shape is a high aspect ratio wing with an elliptical planform. In flapping flight, on the other hand, the wing tip travels faster than the root, creating a spanwise velocity grading reduced activity levels
Explanation:
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