Question

differentiate normal ISO and neo forms of isomers

Answer 1

The prefix "iso" is used when all carbons except one form a continuous chain. This one carbon is part of an isopropyl group at the end of the chain.




Common name: isopentane
IUPAC name: 2-methylbutane

Common name: isopentyl alcohol
IUPAC name: 3-methyl-1-butanol

"Iso" can also indicate that the molecule is an constitutional isomer of another molecule with a common (or trivial) name.




Common name: phthalic acid
IUPAC name: benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid

Common name: isophthalic acid
IUPAC name: benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid
The prefix "neo" is used when all but two carbons form a continuous chain, and these two carbons are part of a terminal tert-butyl group.