Differentiate the following terms.
i) Transpiration and exudation
ii) Stomata and stoma
Answers
- Transpiration :
It is the loss of water in the form of evaporation from tiny pores present on the leaves called stomata.
Plants lose excess water through transpiration.
- Exudation :
Exudation is the term referred to the process where some fluid is exudated slowly out of a plant from its roots cells.
Exudation is usually done when plants sense some harmful unwanted microbes around them in the soil.
- Stomata :
Stomata is the collection of stoma on the lower surface of a plant's leaf.
They primarily help in exchange of gases and transpiration.
- Stoma :
Stoma are the tiny openings present on the lower surface of a leaf.
They also help in exchange of gases and transpiration.
Answer:
i) Transpiration and exudation
exudation and transpiration is that exudation is the act of exuding while transpiration is (botany) the loss of water by evaporation in terrestrial plants, especially through the stomata; accompanied by a corresponding uptake from the roots.
ii) Stomata and stoma
Stoma and stomata are the two structures mostly found on the underside of the epidermis of plant leaves. Stoma is formed by the two guard cells, which are specialized parenchyma cells found in the epidermis of plants. Stoma is involved in the gas exchange between the plant body and the external environment. The size of the stoma is regulated depending on the environmental conditions, mainly the availability of water. Carbon dioxide which is required by photosynthesis is taken up into the cell through stoma. Oxygen, which is the byproduct of photosynthesis is also released to the external environment through stoma. The main difference between stoma and stomata is that stoma is the pore, which is surrounded by two guard cells whereas stomata are the collection of stoma found inside the lower epidermis of plant leaves.
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