Question

Differentiate true and metastable equilibrium with an example.

Answer 1

If an object is at stable equilibrium, even if it experiences disturbances it will tend to return to the original equilibrium position.

If it is at unstable equilibrium instead, it will move away from the original equilibrium position if it experiences a small disturbances.

An example would be a marble placed in a round bowl. It is at equilibrium at the bottom, and even if you push it around it will return to the bottom eventually. We call this a stable equilibrium.

However, if the marble is placed on top of a hill, it tends to roll away easily even if it's given a slight push. It will go further away from the original position and we call this an unstable equilibrium.

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