Discuss diffraction through a single slit and derive the expression for intensity
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Under the Fraunhofer conditions, the wave arrives at the single slit as a plane wave. Divided into segments, each of which can be regarded as a point source, the amplitudes of the segments will have a constant phase displacement from each other, and will form segments of a circular arc when added as vectors. The resulting relative intensity will depend upon the total phase displacement according to the relationship:
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