Question

Discuss in detail the Pulse or Leguminoseae family.

Answer 1

Grain legumes, also called pulses, are plants belonging to the family Leguminosae (alternatively Fabaceae) which are grown primarily for their edible seeds. These seeds are harvested mature and marketed dry to be used as food or feed or processed into various products. Being legumes, these plants have the advantage of fixing atmospheric nitrogen for their own needs and for soil enrichment, thereby reducing the cost of fertilizer inputs in crop farming.

Crops that are harvested green for forage and for vegetables are excluded, as well as those grown for grazing or green manure. Also excluded are the leguminous crops with seeds which are used exclusively for sowing, such as alfalfa and clover (FAO, 2010).

As defined further by the Food and Agriculture Organization (2010) of the United Nations, pulses exclude those that are used mainly for the extraction of oil, e.g., soybeans. This definition, however, is presumed based on the main uses of the crop in consideration of world statistics. It does not necessarily declassify the soybean and other leguminous crops as pulse crops in certain countries. In its report entitled “Dimensions of need- Staple crops: What do people eat?,” FAO (1995) in fact listed soybean as a staple crop in China and lentil in the North Eastern region.

 

Grain legumes or pulses are excellent sources of protein and B vitamins in addition to carbohydrate. Although the protein quality is not as good as in meat generally due to low levels of the essential amino acid methionine, this can be corrected by incorporating grain legumes with cereals in the diet (Oregon State University, n.d.). They are rich in lysine. Especially with soybeans and peanuts, they are good sources of vegetable oils which are used in the production of various products such as cooking oil, margarine, mayonnaise, and salad dressings (Hymowitz, 1990).

Grain Legumes: Common Names and Scientific Names

Adzuki bean, azuki bean, Adanka bean, (Vigna angularis, syn.: Phaseolus angularis)

Broad bean, faba bean, fava bean, bell bean, field bean (Vicia faba)

(large-seeded broadbeans, windsorbeans- V. faba var. major)  

(horsebeans- V. faba) var. major)  

(small, round-oval seeded tickbean, pigeon bean- V. faba var. minor)  

Vetch, common vetch (Vicia sativa)

Common bean, common field bean, kidney bean, habichuela, snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)

Chick pea, Bengal gram, calvance pea, chestnut bean,  dwarf pea, garbanza, garbanzo bean, garbanzos, gram, gram pea,  yellow gram (Cicer arietinum)

Cowpea, asparagus bean, black eyed pea, black eyed bean, crowder pea, field pea, southern pea, frijole, paayap (Vigna unguiculata, syn.: Vigna sinensis)

Guar bean, cluster bean,  (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba)

Hyacinth bean, bonavist, bataw, lablab (Dolichos lablab)

Lentil (Lens culinaris)

Lima bean, butter bean, patani (Phaseolus lunatus)

Lupin, lupine, lupine, sweet lupin (Lupinus spp.)  

(white lupin- L. albus)

(blue lupin (L. angustifolius)

(yellow lupin- L. luteus)

(Andean lupin, pearl lupin, chocho- L. mutabilis)

(wild lupin- L. perennis)

Mung bean, mungbean, mungo,  (Vigna radiata, syn.: Phaseolus aureus)

Pea, dry pea, podded pea, snap pea, chicharo, (Pisum sativum)

Peanut, groundnut, earth nut, mani, runner peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

Pigeon pea, kadios (Cajanus cajan)

Soybean, soya, soyabean (Glycine max)

Tepary bean, tepari bean (Phaseolus acutifolius)

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Answer 2

Pulse or Leguminosae family:

• The Leguminosae or Fabaceae family is one of the third biggest families of flowering plants. Is consists of small herbaceous plants, shrubs, and large trees. It can easily be recognized by their fruit, legume, as the name suggests.
• They are commonly known as legume or bean family and are of great economic importance in food, medicine, and ornamental flowering plants. Common examples are peas, soybean, pulses, gram, Acacia, touch-me-not plant, etc.

Learn more about Pulse or Leguminoseae family

Pulses belongs to family:

(a) Malvaceae

(b) Leguminosae

(c) Cruciferae

(d) Solanaceae

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