Discuss the different types of conservation approaches
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There are two basic approaches towards conservation of bio diversity:
In situ conservation
Ex situ conservation
I. In situ conservation:
a)Biosphere reserves: Out of 425 biosphere reserves in the world, 14 are in India. Hot spots are the areas / regions of high endemism and very high levels of species richness. There are 34 hot spots in the world, of which three are in India; namely Western Ghats and Sri Lanka, Indo-Burma and Himalaya.
b) National parks and wildlife sanctuaries: India has 90 nationals parks and 448 wildlife sanctuaries.
Sacred groves: These are forest patches which were venerated and given total protection. It includes a number of rare, endangered and endemic species. Ex. Western Ghats, Khasi and Jaintia Hills in Meghalaya
II. Ex situ conservation: India has 35 botanical gardens and 275 zoological parks. By using Cryopreservation (-196o C) technique, sperms, eggs, animal cells, tissues and embryos can be stored for long period. Plants are propagated by using tissue culture methods called micropropagation.
In situ conservation
Ex situ conservation
I. In situ conservation:
a)Biosphere reserves: Out of 425 biosphere reserves in the world, 14 are in India. Hot spots are the areas / regions of high endemism and very high levels of species richness. There are 34 hot spots in the world, of which three are in India; namely Western Ghats and Sri Lanka, Indo-Burma and Himalaya.
b) National parks and wildlife sanctuaries: India has 90 nationals parks and 448 wildlife sanctuaries.
Sacred groves: These are forest patches which were venerated and given total protection. It includes a number of rare, endangered and endemic species. Ex. Western Ghats, Khasi and Jaintia Hills in Meghalaya
II. Ex situ conservation: India has 35 botanical gardens and 275 zoological parks. By using Cryopreservation (-196o C) technique, sperms, eggs, animal cells, tissues and embryos can be stored for long period. Plants are propagated by using tissue culture methods called micropropagation.
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