Discuss the effect of driving force frequency on the driven frequency. How does friction affect the oscillation of an oscillator?
Answers
Answer:
Suppose we take two identical pendulums. The green one is undamped and the red one is damped:
The force Fg on the green pendulum bob is (approximately) given by the usual simple harmonic oscillator law:
Fg=−kx
where
x
is the displacement, and the acceleration is just Fg/m
Now consider the red pendulum bob. This is damped, so the force on the bob will be the SHO force minus some damping force:
Fr=−(kx−d)
where d is some function of the bob velocity and possibly position. Again the acceleration of the red bob is
Fr/m
The point is that Fg>Fr
and that means the acceleration of the green bob is greater than the acceleration of the red bob. So if we start the two bobs at the same point at time
t=0
the red bob will take longer to reach the centre because its acceleration is lower. But if the red bob takes longer to reach the centre than the green bob that must mean its period is longer i.e. its angular frequency is lower.
And that's why damping increases the period of the oscillation.
Explanation: