Question

Discuss the Empire centric approach of the decline of mughal empire

Answer 1

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The MugHal Empire held sway over a large part of India for nearlyy three centuries, but a’ drastic decline in its power and prestige came about by the first half of the eighteenth century. Not only did the political boundaries of the Empire shrink, the decline also saw the collapse of the administrative structure so assiduously built by rulers like Akbar and Shah Jahan. In the wake of the collapse of the Mughal power a number of Independent principalities emerged in all parts of the Empire. However, the processes of the decline and the emergence of regional poJities have been intensely debated among historians. It has also been a subject on which scholarly opinion is more sharply divided than on any other aspect of Mughal history. .

The historiographical perspective on the Mughal decline can be divided into two broad sections. First, the MugHal-centric approach, i.e., historians attempt to identify the causes of the decline within the structure and functioning of the Empire itself. Secondly, the region-centric approach where the perspective goes out of the precincts of the Empire into the regions to look for the causes of turmoil or instability in different parts of the Empire.

EMPIRE CENTRIC APPROACH

The Empire-centric approach for explaining Mughal decline bas progressed through different stages. Initially, theories focused on tbe individual rulers and their policies. William Irvine and Jadunatb Sarkar wrote the first detailed histories of this period . They attributed the decline to a deterioration in the characters of the EmperorS and their nobes. Sarkar had analyzed the developments of this period in the context of law and order. He, therefore, held

Aurangzeb as the arch culprit. According to Sarkar, Aurangzeb was a religious fanatic. He discriminated against sections of the ‘nobles and officials on the basis of religion. This led to widescale resentment among the nobility. He argued that Aurangzeb’s successors and their nobles were mere shadows of thelr predecessors and were thus unable to set right the evils of Aurangzeb’s legacy.

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Answer 2

Mughal empire destruction.

Explanation:

• Empire centric approach towards the decline occurred through different tactics.
• They created new laws and theories for progress.
• The decline of the Mughal empire occurred after the death of Aurangzeb.
• His three sons started a war among them and the youngest one won it.
• Aurangzeb was responsible for the downfall of his empire, as he didn't take any action during his reign and it lead to the war between his sons.
• Another reason for the downfall is the deterioration of the Mughals army.

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