Question

Discuss the importance of organisations in modern society

Answer 1

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Answer 2

New system approaches lead to a different understanding of how organizations are composed and reproduced as social systems. But they also shed light on the role of organizations in modern society. With the help of the theory of functional differentiation, which underlies many of those system approaches that deal with macro-phenomena aiming to describe what we use to call "modern" societies, the central characteristics and challenges of these societies are analysed. One of the challenges is the problem of integration. Whereas the integrative func- tion of negotiation systems has already been discussed (especially in political science, for example), the relevance of organizations for integration has not yet been focused upon. The central idea developed in the paper is that organizations play an important role for integra- tion in modern societies by designing their decision programs in a special manner. These programs reflect more than the dominant rationality of the functional system to which they assign themselves. Since decisions turn out to be contingent, they call for justification with regard to the general public as well as to the organizational members. The content of organ- izational communication media reflects the contingencies and justifications. By discussing the role of organizations in society via a systems approach it is possible to derive the function of communication that media organizations make use of (such as "newspapers" for employees or business-"television"). This function differs from what we know from the public sphere. In addition to this, it is possible to use insights from mass media, especially from studies of edi- torial departments and from information technologies for the benefits of organizational com- munication. There were some attempts in the recent past to demonstrate the potential of systems theory for organizational communication (see the overview in Contractor 1994). In this context we learned of the shortcomings of traditional approaches and the implications of the principle of self-organizing for the understanding of communication and organization. Some scholars

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